This is a preliminary study developed to explore the determinants of capital structure of Shariah-compliant firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. This study is primarily motivated by the issue of the determinants still being inconclusive in the area of capital structure. The study is performed using the static models namely Pool Ordinary Least Square, Fixed Effect and Random Effect Model. Empirical analysis on the determinants reveals that country specific factor which is GDP and sector specific factor which is industry concentration are also significant in influencing the corporate financing decisions in this country along with firm specific factors such as efficiency, bankruptcy risk, profitability, tangibility, liquidity and size of the firm. The findings revealed that results are sensitive to models employed in the study. Nevertheless, the applicability of capital structure theories such as the trade-off theory, agency theory and pecking order theory diverge across sectors in Malaysia. The pecking order theory and agency theory are found to be the dominant theories governing the corporate financing decision in the country as well. It indicates strong evidence of hierarchy practised in firms’ financing decision. The finding on agency theory being dominant justifies the function of short-term debt as a controlling mechanism to mitigate the agency problem arises within firms across sectors.
This study aims to analyse the way leadership and digital technology usage affect the faculty members’ research performance in surviving higher education sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic. A breakthrough innovation is needed to design a fast-track online work management system. Hence, it requires a loyal contribution from all the faculty members to support this system. This quantitative study conducted in Malaysia and Indonesia, included 260 faculty members from various fields of studies. Using the online questionnaire, it shows that leadership and technology usage plays an important role to maintain faculty members’ research performance during the pandemic. However, it has a slight difference in result between Malaysia and Indonesia in terms of the portion of leadership and digital technology that affected the research performance. The higher education leaders play a stronger role in affecting Malaysian faculty members’ research performance, while Indonesian faculty members are influenced more by digital technology usage than by their leaders. Each of them has a significant implication in designing the effective institution policies in optimizing faculty members’ research performance. Keywords: COVID-19, research performance, leadership, digital technology
Physical activity is essential for health protection and disease prevention. However, university students are more willing to spend more time studying than participating. Research has shown in recent years that barriers lead to the lack of young adults' involvement in physical activity. This paper mainly aims to investigate differences in attributes towards the engagement of students in physical activity. A cross-sectional survey of undergraduate students was carried out at selected faculties. A self-administered questionnaire was constructed from established questionnaire. There were 28 elements to be evaluated at this point under internal and external attributes. A questionnaire was created, asking respondents to rate on a 5-point scale the attributes that affect physical activities. A total of 361 respondents was valid for data analysis with 72.6% females and 27.4% (99) males. Comparison analysis was then used to examine the differences in mean scores between active and less respondents. Both external and internal barriers in physical activity were found statistically significant difference in mean scores. External barriers in physical activity were higher values of mean score compared to internal barriers. Lack of time due to social and family responsibilities was considered as most important barriers in physical activity. Future research at large scale and targeting other population are needed to help nation achieved SDGs 2030 concerning improving healthy lifestyle and promote well-being for all at all ages.
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