Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L. which are found naturally in most part of Blacksea Region, and Artvin are generally called bear grape, Trabzon tea, and likapa. In addition, different varieties of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) have been cultivated in Artvin region for 5 or 6 years. Blueberries contain appreciable levels of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and flavonols that have high biological activity. V. arctostaphylos and V. myrtillus show that natural distrubition with received V. corymbosum of different cultured species in Artvin region will be determined antioxidant activity in this study. In this study showed that wild species had a higher antioxidant effect than cultivated species. V. myrtillus had high total polyphenols (11.539-20.742 mg GAE/g dry sample), flavonoids (1.182-2.676 mg QE/g dry sample) and anthocyanins (3.305-11.473 mg Cyn/g dry sample) than V. corymbosum species. In addition, wild species had high CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH values. The antioxidant activities found with CUPRAC, expressed as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.143 to 0.297 mmol TEAC/g dry sample. Those determined with DPPH expressed as IC50 ranged from 0.229 to 1.178 mg/ml. Those determined with FRAP expressed as
This study was carried out to determine the effects of some pretreatments including soaking in concentrated (98%) H 2 SO 4 for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min and cold stratification (at 4± ± ± ±1°C) for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days followed by soaking in H 2 SO 4 for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min on seed germination and to investigate how to overcome dormancy of Punica granatum L. seeds. The seeds were sown in polyethylene pots in the greenhouse and sown at 22±1°C under darkness in laboratory conditions. The statistical approach was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Germinated seeds were observed periodically during 50 days to determine germination percentages and germination rates. Soaking in H 2 SO 4 for 30 min with cold stratification for 45 days gave the highest germination percentage (60.7%) in the laboratory while, the highest germination percentage (85.5%) was obtained from soaking in H 2 SO 4 for 40 min with 30 day cold stratification pre-treatment although there were not any significant differences for germination percentages between pre-treatments in the greenhouse. In addition, the best germination rate (21 days) was obtained from the seeds which were soaked in H 2 SO 4 for 30 min with 45 day cold stratification and soaked in H 2 SO 4 for 40 min with cold stratification for 45 days pre-treatments in the greenhouse.
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