Abstract:The risk rate of sugar beet growing was analyzed by using the algorithm for modelling and generating the random numbers based on the conditions determined in advance and the statistical distribution of sugar beets yield, the total costs, earnings and gross profit. on the bases of results of the analysis of economic risks of sugar beet production in years 1995-2009, it follows that the sugar beet growing in all regions is highly risky in the czech republic. The subsidy SAPS and ToP-UP per 1 hectare of sugar beet have a positive impact on its economics though not sufficient enough. in practice, it means that it is highly probable that the break-even point will not be achieved and thereby it is highly probable that the fixed costs are not covered and the update of machines is significantly limited. This happens mainly in the marginal regions. if the agricultural companies count on the separate sugar payment, the sugar beet growing is in all regions of the czech republic with acceptable risk.
Abstract:The hitherto development of agricultural production shows that one of the characteristic attributes of the present period is great economic instability. Monitoring of the development of prices of inputs and outputs as well as climatic conditions reveals that similar problems are not limited to the Central European countries. Prosperity and competitiveness of the production is a function of mutual relations of costs, prices and yields. For the sound managerial decision-making, it is necessary to continually analyse and evaluate the rate of risk -soundness of the planned results (Rataj, Kavka 1999;Rataj 2001). For that reason, this contribution concerns the analysis of economic risks of the hop growing that takes into account statistical data in the time horizon of the last 15 years for the "Žatec poloranný červeňák" of traditional planting (further only ŽPČT) and 7 years for ŽPČ virus free (farther only ŽPČV) and the hybrid sorts (farther only HYBR). Key words: hop, risk, costs, gross profit, gross marginAbstrakt: Z dosavadního vývoje zemědělské výroby je zřejmé, že se současné období vyznačuje kromě jiného velkou ekonomickou nestabilitou. Ze sledování vývoje cen vstupů a výstupů, jakož i povětrnostních podmínek vyplývá, že podobné problémy mají ne jen země střední Evropy. Od vzájemného vztahu nákladů, cen a výnosů v tržním prostředí se odvíjí prosperita a konkurenceschopnost výroby. Pro manažerské rozhodování je proto nevyhnutné dostupné informace neustále analyzovat a hodnotit míru rizik -reálnost plánovaných výsledků (Rataj, Kavka 1999;Rataj 2001). Proto je v pří-spěvku zpracována analýza ekonomických rizik pěstování chmele, vycházející ze statistických údajů v časovém horizontu posledních 15 let u Žateckého poloraného červeňáku tradiční výsadby (dále jen ŽPČT) a 7 let u ŽPČ viruprostého (dále jen ŽPČM) a u hybridních odrůd (dále jen HYBR).
In all partial aspects, subsidies can be effectively realised only if the adequate system of information is set up and used both on the level of subsidy suppliers (government) and on the level of subsidy recipients (agricultural organisations). It is essential to control and evaluate the usefulness of providing the support. The GPS technologies are ones of many options how to contribute to this effort. The proceeding rapid progress and upgrade of these technologies, miniaturisation of the apparatus along with the decreasing price and increasing technological efficiency, accuracy and reliability are together granting significant preconditions for their practical utilisation in agriculture. GPS is practically being used in agriculture in the system of precise agriculture and our experts belong among the world-wide recognized specialists in this direction. The GPS utilisation is additionally offered at the allocation of LFAs as well as at marking the places suitable for agro-environmental measures. In combination with the IACS system and its databases and registers, it is functionally and operatively useful at the land control of fulfilling the conditions of support programmes. Key words: information technologies, Global Position System (GPS), Less Favoured Areas (LFA), Integrated Agricultural Control System, agriculture land policyAbstrakt: Dotaèní podpory ve vech dílèích aspektech lze efektivnì realizovat pouze za pøedpokladu vytvoøení a vyuití odpovídající soustavy informací a to jak na úrovni poskytovatelù dotací (státní správy), tak na úrovni pøíjemcù dotací (zemìdìlských podnikù). Informaèní technologie GPS je jednou z øady moností, jak tomuto snaení pøispìt. GPS je v zemìdìlství ji prakticky vyuíván v systému precizního zemìdìlství a nai odborníci jsou v tomto smìru ve svìtì uzná-vaní. Vyuití GPS se dále nabízí pøi lokalizaci území LFA a vyznaèování míst vhodných pro agro-environmentální opatøení a v kombinaci se systémem IACS a jeho databázemi a registry je úèelnì a operativnì prakticky vyuitelný pøi pozemní kontrole plnìní podmínek programù podpor.Klíèová slova: informaèní technologie, informaèní technologie Global position System (GPS), ménì pøíznivé oblasti (LFA), integrovaný kontrolní systém poskytovaných dotací (IACS), strategie hospodaøení na zemìdìlské pùdì
407The relationships between the human society and the land have been progressively transformed as a result of dramatic changes in the course of the 20 th century. It was particularly by increasing industrialisation, mechanisation of agriculture and forestry, immediacy in global trade and communication, rapid increases in population size and densitiy and the expanding use of bio-technologies... In the most marginal agricultural zones, the resident populations have become dependent on a permanent exchange with and remittances from the exterior. Ties to urban and often international markets are the consistent features of rural economies. The emerging awareness that agriculture contributes in many varied forms to societal goals leads to a need for better understanding of the multiple functions of agriculture. Other economic activities have strong relationships to land use, but agriculture also has unique social and environmental dimensions.Rural areas are at the core of European the existence. These areas can attain their full potential by implementing the existing and new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to improve the quality of life, to increase employment opportunities for the rural area residents and to strengthen rural economy. ICT adoption as an enabling factor will facilitate rural areas full integration into the emerging knowledge-based economy of Europe and their contribution to it. 1 RURAL ECONOMY AND KNOWLEDGE MODELSIn the rural economy, which is usually based on SMEs activities, rather than accelerating single steps in the production process, now the whole process chains are being targeted for elimination or speeding up. SME added value chain represents the parallel economy that could complement to the large enterprises. It is imperative for European rural regions to build a parallel SME economy that would be capable of offering new possibilities of employment and also providing new entrepreneurial personnel for successful and competitive regional rural industries. This dual role of SMEs Virtual Enterprises Economy is socially and economically very desirable. The second important aspect is that rural regions are very often limited in the number of production sectors. The main focus of the future solutions will be sharing of knowledge. The coming systems will be designed and implemented as advanced distributed interoperable Web services that will share data, information, knowledge and services across Europe. The innovative systems will also implement advanced functionality for mobile data access; location based services, personalised and position sensitive services. The interoperability on the level of data as well as services will be important topic in next years. The WirelessInfo project was one from the first worldwide practical implementation of GIS interoperable standards on mobile platform. Why interoperability for agriculture and tourism Key words: interoperability, Web services, GIS, e commerceAbstrakt: Vývoj budoucích systémù bude ve znaèné míøe zamìøen na sdílení znalostí. Budo...
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