PurposeTo evaluate the surgical outcome of levator resection with suspensory ligament of the superior fornix (SLSF) suspension in severe congenital ptosis with poor levator function (LF).Patients and methodsThe medical records of 25 patients who underwent levator resection with SLSF suspension between March 2011 and January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All of the patients had severe congenital ptosis (>4 mm) and poor LF (<4 mm). The follow-up time ranged from 12 to 18 months (median, 15 months). Data regarding eyelid position, cosmetic outcomes, and postoperative complications were evaluated.ResultsThe average preoperative margin reflex distance-1 (MRD1) measured -0.30±0.11 mm. The average postoperative MRD1 measured 3.1±1.25 mm at the last follow-up visit. There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative MRD1 values (P<0.001). Excellent cosmetic results occurred in 14 patients, good cosmetic results occurred in eight patients and poor cosmetic results did not occur. Three patients (12%) underwent reoperation for residual ptosis. No serious postoperative complications occurred.ConclusionLevator resection with SLSF suspension is very effective in the treatment of severe congenital ptosis with poor LF. This surgery technique results in high functional and cosmetic successes in the long term.
The interactions between discharge plasmas and an aqueous solutions can enable the production of reactive species and charge transfer at the plasma-liquid interface, forming the plasma electrochemical system (PES). The PES are promising for diverse applications, such as nanomaterials synthesis, due to the activation of the solution chemistry by the plasma. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the solution’s pH value on the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a direct current (DC) PES. Dual argon DC plasmas are generated in an H-type electrochemical cell containing an aqueous solution of silver nitrate with pH values in the range of 1.99-10.71. By this design, the solution acts as a cathode at one end of the H-type cell, and as an anode at the other end. The results show that the AgNPs are formed at the anode except for the solution with the pH value of 1.99. However, at the cathode, the AgNPs only appear in the solution with the pH value of 10.71. We find that the solvated electrons and hydrogen peroxide produced by the plasma-liquid interactions are responsible for the Ag+ reduction at the solution anode and the solution cathode, respectively.
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