Background: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) was recently shown to be involved in migrant potentials. The present study aimed to investigate its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Knockdown experiments were conducted using TRPV2 siRNA in human ESCC cell lines, and anti-tumor effects were analyzed. The gene expression profiles of cells were analyzed using a microarray method. An immunohistochemical staining was performed on 62 primary tumor samples. Results: TRPV2 overexpression was observed in TE15 and KYSE170 cells. TRPV2 depletion suppressed proliferation, cell cycle progression, and invasion/migration ability, and induced apoptosis. A pathway analysis of microarray data showed that TRPV2 depletion down-regulated WNT/β-catenin signaling-related genes and basal cell carcinoma signaling-related genes. The suppression of tumor functions, such as proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis, was predicted in the ontology analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a correlation between strong TRPV2 expression and a poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Conclusion: The present results suggest that TRPV2 regulates cancer progression by affecting WNT/β-catenin or basal cell carcinoma signaling, and that TRPV2 strong expression is associated with a worse prognosis in ESCC patients. These results provide an insight into the role of TRPV2 as a novel therapeutic target or biomarker for ESCC.
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a membrane protein whose main function is to transfer water across cellular membranes. Recent studies have described important roles for AQP1 in epithelial carcinogenesis and tumor behavior. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the role of AQP1 in the regulation of genes involved in tumor progression and the clinicopathological significance of its expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). An immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 50 primary tumor samples underwent esophagectomy. AQP1 was primarily located in the cytoplasm and/or the nuclear membrane of carcinoma cells. The 5-year survival rate of patients with the “cytoplasm dominant” expression of AQP1 (47.1%) was significantly lower than other patients (83.2%). The depletion of AQP1 using siRNA induced apoptosis in TE5 and TE15 cells. The results of microarray analysis revealed that Death receptor signaling pathway-related genes were changed in AQP1-depleted TE5 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the cytoplasm dominant expression of AQP1 is related to a poor prognosis in patients with ESCC, and that it activates tumor progression by affecting Death receptor signaling pathway. These results provide insights into the role of AQP1 as a mediator of and/or a biomarker for ESCC.
BackgroundRecent studies have reported essential roles for various intracellular pH regulators in epithelial carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The aims of the present study were to investigate the role of anion exchanger 2 (AE2) in the regulation of tumor progression-related genes and the prognostic value of its expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).ResultsAE2 was strongly expressed in KYSE170 and TE13 cells. The depletion of AE2 in these cells increased cell migration and inhibited the induction of apoptosis. The results of the microarray analysis revealed that various matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) signaling pathway-related genes, such as MMP1, MMP12, and TIMP4, were up- or down-regulated in AE2-depleted KYSE170 cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that AE2 was primarily located in the cell membranes or cytoplasm of carcinoma cells, and its expression pattern at the invasive front of the tumor was related to the pT category. Prognostic analyses revealed that the low-grade expression of AE2 at the invasive front was associated with shorter postoperative survival.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that reductions in AE2 in ESCC enhance cellular movement by activating MMP signaling pathways and are related to a poor prognosis in patients with ESCC.MethodsIn human ESCC cell lines, knockdown experiments were conducted using AE2 siRNA, and the effects on cellular movement and survival were analyzed. The gene expression profiles of cells were examined using a microarray analysis. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 61 primary tumor samples obtained from ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy.
BackgroundPeritoneal lavage with distilled water has been used for surgeries of various cancers to reduce peritoneal recurrence. This study examined whether blockade of potassium ion transports enhances hypotonicity-induced cytocidal effects in gastric cancer (GC).ResultsA potassium channel blocker inhibited the occurrence of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) induced by mild hypotonic stimulation, and significantly enhanced cytocidal effects on GC cells. Incubating MKN45 cells with hypotonic solutions containing a potassium channel blocker significantly reduced the formation of peritoneal metastases in nude mice.MethodsThe three human GC cell lines (HGC-27, Kato III, and MKN45) were exposed to mild hypotonic solutions, and the effects of blockade of potassium ion transports during hypotonic stimulation on cell volume changes and cell viabilities were examined. In the in vivo study, MKN45 cells stimulated with mild hypotonic solutions were intraperitoneally injected into nude mice, and the effects of blockade of potassium ion transports during hypotonic stimulation on the formation of peritoneal metastases were evaluated.ConclusionsBlockade of potassium ion transports enhances hypotonicity-induced cytocidal effects on GC cells, which may contribute to development of a novel lavage method for further reduction of peritoneal recurrence in GC.
Background/Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has reduced hospital visits due to concerns regarding infection and also resulted in cancer screening delays. These changes may have had an impact on the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for CRC using a correlation analysis of clinical outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and Methods: The present study targeted CRC patients who underwent MIS between
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