Zeolit alam merupakan batuan mineral yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Zeolit alam merupakan kristal alumino silikat yang memiliki banyak kegunaan dalam bidang industri, agrikultura, dan pengolahan air limbah. Salah satu proses untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari zeolit alam adalah melalui proses aktivasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh aktivasi secara kimia menggunakan larutan asam klorida dan natrium hidroksida sehingga mampu meningkatkan aktivitas dari zeolit alam tersebut. Aktivasi zeolit alam dilakukan secara kimia dengan menggunakan larutan HCl dan NaOH pada variasi konsentrasi 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 M. Selanjutnya zeolit tersebut dianalisa menggunakan XRD dan XRF. Hasil XRD menunjukkan fase utama dari zeolit alam adalah mordenite. Sedangkan hasil XRF menunjukkan senyawa silika (SiO2) dengan perlakuan asam (HCl) berada dikisaran 75-76% sedangkan dengan perlakuan basa (NaOH) berada dikisaran 72-73%. Proses perlakuan asam pada zeolit alam menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kandungan Ca dan Mg pada zeolit.
Aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) becomes a choice for automotive and aerospace industries due to its tenable mechanical properties such as high hardness and good strength to weight ratio. Reinforcement like particulate alumina, silicon carbide, graphite, fly ash, etc can easily be incorporated in the melt using cheap and widely available stirring casting method. This research investigates the optimum hardness of AMCs containing basalt powder as reinforcement by setting varying parameter. The design of experiments (DOE) approach using Taguchi method orthogonal arrays L9 (33) factors 3 runs 9, was employed to predict the hardness of material casting with variable parameters such as matrix composition, stirring time, and particle size (mesh) of basalt. ANOVA and S/N ratio for determining optimum hardness (HRb) material and P-value confirms most significant parameter that affects the hardness at optimum level parameters to improve the mechanical properties of AMCs. Analysed Taguchi design observed that particle size (mesh) of basalt has a significant contribution on hardness (72.71%) followed by concentration of basalt (18.62%) and stirring time (8.45%) with an error about 0.22%. Based from previous study and field experiment, this result is match especially from different particle size will affect most of mechanical properties of composite materials.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the concentration of basalt as a cement substitution material in mortar. Basalt was analysed by XRD and XRF. From the XRD results, the diffractogram shows the dominant phases, such as anorthite, augite, forsterite, and quartz or silicon oxide. SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 are the main components in basalt, as can be seen from the XRF. With the concentration at 5% of the basalt before the calcination, the optimum compressive strength of the OPC and PCC cement mortar was obtained. The highest compressive strength of the OPC cement mortar was 24.97MPa with a porosity of 2.4% and absorption of 1.29 %. Furthermore, the highest compressive strength of the PCC cement mortar was 22.55MPa with a porosity of 4.8% and absorption of 2.52 %. This result indicates that the substitution of composite cement with a basalt with a concentration of 5% can increase the compressive strength of the mortar.
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