Both IVB and IVR treated infants had significantly better refractive outcomes in Zone I ROP as compared to LPC treated infants at 1.5 years of adjusted age. The higher rate of disease recurrence was associated with IVR. Gestational age (GA) and the zone of ROP were also predictive factors for recurrence of ROP in the study.

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Purpose To investigate the foveal avascular zone (AVZ), superficial and deep foveal and parafoveal vessel density (VD) changes related to diabetic retinopathy. Methods Forty-nine type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 45 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The demographic data (age and sex), disease duration, and level of glycated hemoglobin were collected. Superficial VD (%), superficial AVZ area (mm 2 ), deep VD (%) and deep AVZ area (mm 2 ) were evaluated via optic coherence tomography angiography. Results Superficial AVZ was 0.438 ± 0.05 mm 2 in the DM group, 0.246 ± 0.022 mm 2 in the control group ( p < 0.001). Deep AVZ was 0.732 ± 0.06 mm 2 in the DM group, and 0.342 ± 0.022 mm 2 in the control group ( p < 0.001). Superficial foveal VD was 29.45 ± 0.76 mm 2 in the DM group, and 34.86 ± 0.75 mm 2 in the control group ( p < 0.001). Deep foveal VD was 24.85 ± 1.08 mm 2 in the DM group, and 33.47 ± 0.56 mm 2 in the control group ( p < 0.001). Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated an enlargement in the foveal AVZ along with a reduction in the vascular density of the superficial and deep capillary network in the foveal and parafoveal area using optic coherence tomography angiography in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. This technique can be used to monitor the progression of the disease and to evaluate the response to treatment.

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TPKP performed in cases that do not respond medical treatment, in the early phase of the disease, before the lesions reach to limbus and without waiting corneal perforation, may yield better clinical results and less postoperative complications.

Purpose: To compare the effects on the process of retinal vascularization of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in the treatment of severe retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: The present study is a bi-centered retrospective study. While 44 eyes of 22 patients in group 1 were applied 0.625 mg bevacizumab, 46 eyes of 23 patients in group 2 were applied 0.25 mg ranibizumab. Retinal vascularization was evaluated clinically. Results: The mean time for completion of vascularization was found to be postmenstrual 55.93 ± 4.13 weeks in group 1 and 56.30 ± 4.30 weeks in group 2. There were significant differences in the recurrence prevalence between the two groups. The prevalence of recurrence was found to be significantly higher in the ranibizumab group than in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.023). Conclusions: The study showed that after IVR or IVB treatment, vascularization could be completed with delay; there were no differences in this delay time between the ranibizumab and bevacizumab groups. Besides, avascular areas may remain in the peripheral retina, and additional treatment may be necessary after IVB or IVR treatment. When the treatment was applied as monotherapy, more recurrence was observed in the ranibizumab group.

Objective:To investigate whether keratoconus (KC) patients who applied the corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) and two different contact lens (CL) showed any differences in complaints and findings following the CXL.Methods:This prospective, comparative, double-blind clinical study involved 60 eyes of 60 patients (38 female and 22 male). At the end of the CXL procedure, CL (Balafilcon A) was inserted in 29 patients (Group-1) while CL with different material content (Hioxifilcon A) designed for therapeutic/bandage purposes were inserted in 31 patients (Group-2).Results:On the 1st and 3th day after the CXL, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the postoperative symptoms. On the 3th day after the CXL, all cases of both two groups were found to complete the corneal re-epithelialization. There was more PE ratio in the patients who had allergic conjunctivitis.Conclusions:With the use of Balafilcon A and Hioxifilcon A lens materials, KC patients who underwent the CXL were found to have similar symptoms and clinical findings after the CXL. However, epithelial staining and PE were observed more in KC cases accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis.

Occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was increased in patients with coexisting ocular pathology or complicated endothelial dysfunction and during the surgeon's learning curve of DM endothelial keratoplasty procedures.