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Objective: Adolescent pregnancies are more severe and dangerous for both mother and baby than adult pregnancies. Low birth weight, infections, intrauterine growth restriction, sudden infant death syndrome, and death risk are higher in neonates of adolescent pregnant women. Besides, anomalies of central nervous, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems are also seen frequently. The purpose of this study is to investigate congenital malformations of infants born from adolescent mothers. In this study, malformations were grouped according to the systems. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, 166 pregnant women aged 18 and under who had fetal anomaly were included in the study and their charts reviewed. Descriptive information about the adolescents and information about the fetuses and anomalies were recorded. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were calculated as frequency and percentage. Results: The most common anomalies were the central nervous (40.5%), cardiovascular (15.8%), and urinary (10.8%) system. The anomalies related to the skin and phalanges, including the face, accounted for 8.1% of the cases. Ventricular dilatation (10,4%), neural tube defect (7,2%), and hydrocephalus (7,2%) were the most common abnormalities of the central nervous system. Ventricular septal defect (5,9%), pulmonary artery anomaly (2,7%), and tricuspid valve anomaly (2,3%) were the most common cardiovascular system anomalies. Intrauterine growth restriction (3,6%), pleural effusion/hydrothorax (3,2%), pes equinovarus (2,7%), diaphragmatic hernia (2,3%), cystic hygroma (2,3%), oligohydramnios (2,3%), polyhydramnios (2,3%), and cleft palate/lip (2,3%) were the most common anomalies among the other system and organ anomalies. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy was partially associated with an increased risk of severe neonatal anomalies especially in the central nervous, cardiovascular, and urinary systems. Pediatric health care providers should have a low threshold for suspecting pregnancy in adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to present the characteristic features of 19 patients who were diagnosed as having Blake’s pouch cyst (BPC) at our center. Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients diagnosed as BPC between 2015 and 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Follow-up examinations were performed using ultrasonography (US) every three weeks up to 35 weeks of gestation. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up in 13 patients. MRI or transfontanellar US was performed to confirm the diagnosis of BPC after delivery. Karyotype results of eight patients were recorded. Results: Isolated BPC was observed in 9 (47%) patients, and associated anomalies were detected in 10 (53%) patients, including seven (36%) with the central nervous system and four (21%) with cardiac anomalies. Two fetuses had abnormal karyotype analysis as trisomy 21 and 13. The MRI report of eight patients was “differential diagnosis required for Dandy-Walker complex” and only in five (26%) patients, it was reported to be compatible with BPC. Spontaneous resolution was seen in four patients. Postnatal MRI was performed in five patients, and transfontanellar US in two patients, and all MRI and US results were consistent with BPC. During the neonatal period, abnormal neurologic development was observed in four (21%) patients, and one (5%) died. Conclusion: Although the prognosis of isolated BPC is very good with healthy neurologic development until advanced ages, death in the early neonatal period and abnormal neurologic development may be observed depending on the condition of the associated anomalies.

Introduction: This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocytes to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), eosinophil to lymphocyteratio (ELR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 121 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 94 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n=38), moderate (n=41), and severe (n=42).Results: HRR, PLR, NLR, and MLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group, and ELR values were lower (p<0.05). MON, NEU, PCT, PLR, NLR, MLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients. EO, LYM, and ELR values decreased (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho=0.45, p< 0.001), PLR (rho=0.76, p< 0.001), NLR (rho=0.79, p< 0.001), MLR (rho=0.81, p< 0.001) values. There was a significant negative correlation between ELR (rho= 0.72, p< 0.001) and HEG.Conclusion: NLR, PLR, and PCT are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for HEG development. In our study, we suggested the use of two new prognostic markers for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for further studies on the subject.

Introduction: This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Platelet crit (PCT), Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 102 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 113 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n=38), moderate (n=32), and severe (n=32).Results: PCT, HRR, and, NLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group (p<0.05). PCT, HRR, and, NLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho=0.70, p< 0.001), HRR (rho=0.28, p< 0.04), NLR (rho=0.60, p< 0.001) values. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a one-unit increase in PCT, HRR, and NLR resulted in a 2.14, 1.41, and 2.36-fold increase in HEG risk, respectively.Conclusion: PCT, HRR and NLR are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for the development of HEG. In our study, we suggested the use of a new prognostic marker for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for future studies on HEG.

Introduction:This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Platelet crit (PCT), Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 102 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 113 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n = 38), moderate (n = 32), and severe (n = 32).Results: PCT, HRR, and, NLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). PCT, HRR, and, NLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho = 0.70, p < 0.001), HRR (rho = 0.28, p < 0.04), NLR (rho = 0.60, p < 0.001) values. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a one-unit increase in PCT, HRR, and NLR resulted in a 2.14, 1.41, and 2.36-fold increase in HEG risk, respectively.Conclusion: PCT, HRR and NLR are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for the development of HEG. In our study, we suggested the use of a new prognostic marker for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for future studies on HEG.