The method for the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control is developed based on the minimization of the number of violations the requirements of traffic light signals by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of traffic lanes and control of vehicular queue on the approach to the stop-line. Assessment of rationality is carried out considering the simultaneous impact of such factors as roadway volume-capacity ratio, traffic light restrictive signal duration, the number of violations of the traffic rules by pedestrians, and maximal queue length of vehicles. The model of the change of the number of violations of the rules of crossing the roadway by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of different intersection types is developed in this paper. The model of determining the maximal vehicular queue length before intersections depending on the volume-capacity ratio and the share of the restrictive signal on the lane in the control cycle is developed. Recommendations about the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control depending on traffic delay, planning parameters of the road network, and pedestrian behavior are proposed.
There are different configurations of street and road networks in cities, which is why those transportation models that determine how effectively a public transport network is operated are different. Along with this, some transport areas may have characteristic features predetermined by the density of a street network, the intensity of individual and public traffic. The special feature of the current study is determining the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes for public transport given a significant density of the main street and road network. Significant density is characterized by its value for the distance between adjacent intersections in the range of 150‒200 m. With such planning patterns, there is a mutual influence of the conditions of individual and public transport between adjacent intersections. An increase in the distance between intersections disrupts the stability of traffic flow through its disintegration into separate groups based on the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. A characteristic feature of the proposed procedure for evaluating the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes is that the use of a GPS monitoring system makes it possible to relatively quickly determine the areas of the network where there are the greatest delays in movement in real time. After that, attention is focused on investigating the main factors of influence and their parameters followed by modeling. The reported results would in the future contribute to devising a clear sequence of transport-related research based on a set of their methods in order to acquire representative data and define adequate patterns. An important practical result is the use of not only established normative approaches to the design of dedicated lanes, which are common for all types of street and road networks but taking into consideration the peculiarities characteristic of their individual sections.
On the given stage of motorization level development and increase of traffic flow intensity, with increasing frequency apply to the implementation of intelligent automated systems of traffic control. The quality of their work depends foremost from study of the primary factors of road users, their behavior, including the factor of a person as movement operator, geometric parameters of communication routes, road conditions as movement environment. Such study is held by methods of field research, documentary research and mathematical modelling. Considering transport system, it is necessary to have in mind that we are concerned with the large array of stochastic indicators which, during its normal operation, comply with the normal law of distribution. If the process of traffic flows movement control, including their attachment to the roadway, parameters of which are clearly regulated by standards, is studied relatively in detail, then regularities in pedestrian flows are underexplored only due to the fact that their behavior quite frequently is regulated.However, enough amounts of mathematical methods of description the different stochastic systems have appeared, based on which it is possible to perform the simulation of road users' behavior, in particular pedestrians.In this work it is undertaken experimental research on pedestrians' behavior on signaled pedestrian crossings in Lviv city for different functional zones and in different time of day, and also it is investigated dynamic factors in traffic flow with the aim of determination the rational (by duration) regimes of traffic light control, during which the amount and duration of delays in traffic flows and the possibility of accidents commission is reduced, which are the consequence of road users behavior.The backgrounds of these negative phenomena are: fluctuation of traffic flow intensity, when pedestrian during longtime restrictive signals can start to move on restrictive signal of traffic light, what is unexpected for vehicle driver, especially in nighttime when blinding appears; observation only the demands of normative documents during designing the communication routes what is not always adequate for different functional areas of settlements; absence of distinct regulation of range of traffic light control parameters which would create its optimal regimes considering traffic and pedestrian flows behavior. Introduction and Problem StatementOrganization of traffic and pedestrian flow movement in operative zone of signaled pedestrian crossing, and also provision of their safety is multifaceted task. Complexity of solution of this problem is explained by the influence of many factors, in particular psychophysiological, which complicate appliance of mathematical and mechanical methods of description of principles of traffic and pedestrian flows formation on signaled intersections (crossings) [1].
The article is devoted to the methodology and research results of traffic flow parameters on the arterial streets, where different regimes of prioritizing urban public transport operate. The regularities of changes of such parameters make it possible to identify and differentiate the sections of transport network in terms of service efficiency, with the aim to implement various regulatory measures that would help to minimize delays in traffic flow. Quantitative and qualitative criteria for ensuring priority transit of urban public transport on different sections of transport network depending on the intensity, speed and composition of traffic, as well as the roadway parameters are defined and substantiated. According to the research outcomes, scientifically based approaches are recommended for the implementation of different schemes of traffic flows control on the sections of the transport network, which differ in planning parameters and of traffic conditions and provide rational transport service based on the criterion of time loss for movement of residents. These results are adequate for large and very large cities with dense construction area.
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