The article proposes a new development concept of topographic mapping in Ukraine. It is based on the implementation of a new system model that responds to the geoinformation approach to topographic mapping in the development of national geospatial data infrastructure (NSDI) and provides the creation of geospatial data sets in the form of databases and knowledge bases based on existing standards and specifications: series of international standards ISO 19100 “Geographic information/Geomatics”, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGS), INSPIRE, State Standards of Ukraine (DSTU), Complex of Standards Organization of Ukraine (SOU) “Topographic database”. It provides a high intellectual level of core reference and profile geospatial data, which is capable to provide geoinformation analysis and modeling in modern GIS. In addition, the implementation the infrastructure approach to topographic production and the creation and development of a permanent topographic monitoring system will ensure the publication of geospatial data in real time, almost simultaneously with changes in the terrain, which guarantees the maintenance of a single topographic basis and, accordingly, core reference datasets for NSDI. Publication is funded by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange under the International Academic Partnerships Programme from the project „Organization of the 9th International Scientific and Technical Conference entitled Environmental Engineering, Photogrammetry, Geoinformatics – Modern Technologies and Development Perspectives”.
The article examines the peculiarities of creation (updating) digital topographic maps of the scale 1:50 000 for the Main State Topographic Map of Ukraine for creation and maintaining the seamless topographic database for national needs, which is located on the Geoportal to ensure the development of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) in Ukraine. Several special problems were identified along with the implementation of standard processes of vectorization of topographic maps, the solution of which helped to increase the intellectual level of the data, efficiency of production process management and automation of quality control. The peculiarities were proposed by the authors: creation virtual features that do not belong to the real world, such as watercourses, blocks, boundaries of settlements; development of the Geoportal project monitoring and support system for automation of the production process and exchange of information between project participants; implementation of automated quality control of digital topographic maps.
In recent years, computational intelligence has been used to solve optimisation problems. An innovative direction in the development of artificial intelligence methods is multiagent methods of intellectual optimisation, which simulate the collective behaviour of insects, animals and other living beings. It indicates the effectiveness of their behaviour, and hence the effectiveness of these methods, and the ability to be involved in solving applied problems. This article is devoted to the study of the development of road transport networks using the metaheuristic ant method of optimisation based on a number of data. The initial data were geospatial layers of information on slope steepness, engineering structures, forests, perennials, land development and hydrographic objects. The parameters of the behaviour of the studied method under different conditions and volumes of input geospatial data are experimentally established. The Max–Min method of multiagent optimisation is modified. The proposed modification takes into account the functional distance – the coefficient of the complexity of the route, which affects its length. This modification had an effective influence on the behaviour of ants and the choice of optimal routes, taking into account the terrain as one of the factors. The result of the advancement is an informational system, which is capable of formulating flexible options for passing optimal alternative routes between specified settlements.
The purpose of this work is the introduction of a permanent system of real-time observations of green spaces to update geospatial data. Methodology: To achieve this goal, we monitored green spaces with the help of GIS technologies, displaying up-to-date information for each plant and storing the history of changes in each object. This work is divided into two stages. The first stage involves making an inventory of green spaces and compiling an object passport. The second stage involves making real-time changes such as planting, pruning, uprooting a stump, damage due to natural disasters, etc. Thus, there is a database of green plants at any point in time and a chronology of plant care. By incorporating green spaces into the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) using consistent methods, we can better understand their impact. Digital topographic data is essential in geoinformation systems for making informed management decisions, creating and maintaining cadastres for various purposes. Scientific novelty and practical significance: The issues of accounting for green spaces in settlements are becoming quite acute in the modern world. Equally important is the issue of maintaining the relevance of the data obtained. The geoportal, "Monitoring of green spaces in the city of Odesa," implements a permanent system of continuous observations to update the geospatial data of green spaces, and tracks changes for each individual tree. This will help in making management decisions regarding urban greening, significantly reduce budget costs for green management in the future, and control the quantity and quality of the work performed.
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