Female and younger physicians as well as physicians working in a multidisciplinary environment had positive attitudes and behavior towards fertility preservation in breast cancer patients. The development of comprehensive and interdisciplinary programs for healthcare providers is necessary to meet the expectations and fertility needs of breast cancer patients.
Cancer patients are concerned about a variety of AS, and these may result in greater distress than non-AS. AS-related information and care are increasingly being sought in advance of treatment.
RS recognize the need for FP in YBC patients and are willing to participate in their care. Affiliation of RS was related to a positive attitude to egg preservation. Various concerns regarding FP among RS indicate the need for evidence that supports the safety of FP, inter-disciplinary communication, and practice guidelines.
Background
In Japan, incidence of gastric cancer is expected to follow the current downward trend as the younger generation has lower incidence of
Helicobacter pylori
infection. In this study we aimed to estimate how long gastric cancer screening is deemed necessary in the future from epidemiologic perspectives.
Methods
Following the Japanese guidelines for gastric cancer screening 2014, recommendation of providing population-based gastric cancer screening is judged by balancing benefits and harms. Benefits and harms are estimated by number needed to screen (NNS) < 1000 and Number Needed to Recall (NNR) < 100. NNS is the number of people required to participate in a screening to prevent one death and NNR is the number of people required to undergo diagnostic examination to prevent one death. These index are estimated for 2020–2035 using future projections of gastric cancer mortality for the scenarios of relative risk (RR) of 0.5–0.9 for mortality reduction by the screening.
Results
The criteria of both NNS < 1000 and NNR < 100 are fulfilled for the following age groups: when RR is set as 0.6, men ≥ 55 and women ≥ 65; when RR is set as 0.7 and 0.8, men ≥ 65 and women ≥ 75; when RR is set as 0.9, men ≥ 75 only.
Conclusions
In case of RR of 0.5 and 0.6, the gastric cancer screening are recommended for men ≥ 55 and women ≥ 65 until 2035, while it is not recommended for men and women in the 45–54 even in 2010 and 2015.
We showed a clear increase in the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer. Based on the results, the incidence of breast cancer in Japan may be increasing for at least a few decades.
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