After gastric bypass, a marked decrease in insulin occurred, with normalization of blood pressure and the biochemical parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome. We propose a biochemical follow-up protocol for MO patients.
Background Obex® may be helpful in reducing body weight and fat. The current study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Obex® in the treatment of overweight and obese subjects. Methods A double-blind, randomised, controlled phase III clinical trial was conducted involving 160 overweight and obese subjects (BMI ≥25.0 and <40 kg/m2) aged 20 to 60 years, who received Obex® (n=80) and placebo (n=80) plus non-pharmacological treatment (physical activity and nutritional counseling). One sachet of Obex® or placebo were administered before the two main meals each day for 6 months. In addition to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure, fasting plasma and 2h glucose levels during the oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, insulin, liver enzymes, creatinine, and uric acid (UA) were determined, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) beta-cell function (HOMA-β) were assessed and insulin sensitivity (IS) was calculated with three indirect indices. Results After 3 months of Obex®, 48.3% of the participants (28/58) achieved complete success in reducing both weight and waist circumference by greater than or equal to 5% from baseline, as opposed to 26.0% (13/50) of individuals receiving placebo (p=0.022). Compared to baseline, at 6 months no differences were found between the groups concerning anthropometric and biochemical measurements, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels, which were higher in subjects receiving Obex® compared to those receiving placebo (p=0.030). After 6 months of treatment, both groups showed reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p<0.012) compared to baseline value. However, only those intake Obex® showed reduced insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR, improved IS (p<0.05), and decreased creatinine and UA levels (p<0.005). Conclusions The consumption of Obex® together with lifestyle changes increased the cardiovascular protective effect (increased HDL-c), contributed to a rapid reduction of weight and waist circumference and improved insulin homeostasis, which did not occur in the placebo group, and appears to be safe as an adjunct at conventional obesity treatment. Trial registration Clinical trial protocol was registered in the Cuban public registry of clinical trials under code RPCEC00000267 on 17/04/2018 and also registered in the international registry of clinical trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, under code: NCT03541005 on 30/05/2018.
Background Obex® may be helpful in reducing body weight and fat. The current study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Obex® in the treatment of overweight and obese subjects. Methods A double-blind, randomised, controlled phase III clinical trial was conducted involving 160 overweight and obese subjects (BMI ≥ 25.0 and < 40 kg/m2) aged 20 to 60 years, who received Obex® (n = 80) and placebo (n = 80) plus non-pharmacological treatment (physical activity and nutritional counseling). One sachet of Obex® or placebo were administered before the two main meals each day for 6 months. In addition to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure, fasting plasma and 2 h glucose levels during the oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, insulin, liver enzymes, creatinine, and uric acid (UA) were determined, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) beta-cell function (HOMA-β) were assessed and insulin sensitivity (IS) was calculated with three indirect indexes. Results After 3 months of Obex®, 48.3% of the participants (28/58) achieved complete success in reducing both weight and waist circumference by greater than or equal to 5% from baseline, as opposed to 26.0% (13/50) of individuals receiving placebo (p = 0.022). Compared to baseline, at 6 months no differences were found between the groups concerning anthropometric and biochemical measurements, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels, which were higher in subjects receiving Obex® compared to those receiving placebo (p = 0.030). After 6 months of treatment, both groups showed reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p < 0.012) compared to baseline value. However, only those intake Obex® showed reduced insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR, improved IS (p < 0.05), and decreased creatinine and UA levels (p < 0.005). Conclusions The consumption of Obex® together with lifestyle changes increased HDL-c, contributed to a rapid reduction of weight and waist circumference, as well as improved insulin homeostasis, which did not occur in the placebo group, and appears to be safe as an adjunct at conventional obesity treatment. Trial registration Clinical trial protocol was registered in the Cuban public registry of clinical trials under code RPCEC00000267 on 17/04/2018 and also registered in the international registry of clinical trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, under code: NCT03541005 on 30/05/2018.
La transición demográfica (TD) cubana se refleja en muy marcado envejecimiento poblacional, mientras que la transición epidemiológica (TE) ha llevado a un aumento acelerado de las enfermedades no transmisibles, entre ellas la diabetes mellitus (DM). Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre la transición demográfica y epidemiológica, y su efecto en la DM. Metodología: Se utilizaron registros y estimaciones de la Oficina Nacional de Estadística, los datos de población e indicadores del registro nacional de dispensarización de la DM en el país, desde el año 1970 al 2015. Resultados: En Cuba la natalidad ha descendido de 18.0 por cada mil habitantes en 1985 a 10.9 en el 2015 y la tasa de mortalidad ascendió de 6.4 a 8.9 por cada mil habitantes, mostrando una TD acelerada con disminución del crecimiento natural de 81.0%, cambios de fecundidad y de esperanza de vida, están entre los más rápidos de América Latina. Como efecto de la TE la DM se encuentra entre las 10 primeras causas de muerte en el 2015, lo que ha conducido a programas y campañas de salud. Según datos de dispensarización la DM tipo 1 y tipo 2 han tenido cambios relacionados con la estructura poblacional. Conclusiones: 1-El envejecimiento poblacional unido al predominio de las enfermedades no transmisibles muestra el efecto conjunto de ambos procesos transicionales. 2.-La diabetes Mellitus se incrementa dado el monto elevado de la personas de mayor edad y muestra el efecto de ambas transiciones en la necesidad de servicios de salud. ABSTRACTCuban demographic transition (DT) is reflected in very marked population ageing, while epidemiologic transition (ET) has resulted in an ac celerated increase of non-communicable diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Objective: To identify the relationship between demographic and epidemiologic transition, and its relationship with diabetes mellitus. Method: Using records and the National Bureau´s statistics and estimates, the Cuban population changes and indicators of the National Registry of categorization of the DM in the country, since 1970 until 2015. Results: In Cuba the birthrate has fallen 18.0 for every thousand inhabitants, in 1985 to 10.9 in 2015 and the mortality rate increased from 6.4 to 8.9 for every thousand people, showing a accelerated TD reduction of the natural growth of 81.0%, changes in fertility and life expectancy, are among the fastest in Latin America. As an of the ET effect DM, is among the 10 leading death causes in 2015, which has led to programs and health campaigns. According to categorization the DM type 1 and 2 have had changes related to the population structure. Conclusions: 1 -The population aging combined with the prevalence of non-communicable diseases shows the combined effect of both transitional processes. 2. Diabetes Mellitus increases given the high amount of older people and shows the effect of both transitions in need of health services.
Health care in reducing cases of abortion is a priority in Latin America and the Caribbean. To take action and reduce this practice, especially in adolescents, is required to achieve best results from joint actions among adolescents and social actors. The aim of this paper is to identify differences in perceptions of the abortion in adolescents and actors. Analyzed quantitative information available on the current statistics and results of investigations carried out in Cuba with information from focus groups (GF) and interviews in depth (PD), to assess the ways of thinking about the decision to abort and related factors. In Cuba in the 80s abortion among women aged
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