We experimentally realize fractal-like photonic lattices by use of the cw-laser-writing technique, thereby observing distinct compact localized states (CLSs) associated with different flatbands in the same lattice setting. Such triangle-shaped lattices, akin to the first generation Sierpinski lattices, possess a band structure where singular non-degenerate and nonsingular degenerate flatbands coexist. By proper phase modulation of an input excitation beam, we demonstrate not only the simplest CLSs but also their superimposition into other complex mode structures. Our experimental and numerical results are corroborated by theoretical analysis. Furthermore, we show by numerical simulation a dynamical oscillation of the flatband states due to beating of the CLSs that have different eigenenergies. These results may provide inspiration for exploring fundamental phenomena arising from the interplay of fractal structure, flatband singularity, and real-space topology.
Scintillating fibers prepared using a transparent Ce3+-doped nano-glass composite embedded with Gd3+-mixed KLaF4 nanocrystals show an excellent linear response with the irradiation dose.
Dehydrogenation of propane to propylene over mesoporous HZSM-5 supported Ga 2 O 3 catalysts in the presence of CO 2 has been investigated, and compared with that of conventional HZSM-5 supported one. The initial activity of the catalysts descends while the stability and selectivity to propylene improve with increasing the Si/Al ratios of the support. The optimal Si/Al ratio is 240 for the propylene yield reaching 21.7% after reaction for 50 h. The introduction of the mesopores improves the activity as well as the stability of the catalyst, due to the better transport of the reactant and product molecules caused by its hierarchical structure. The selectivity for bulky products such as aromatics is also increased. The promoting effect of CO 2 on the dehydrogenation reaction is observed.
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