The endoscopic instruments used in the stapes operation caused a temperature increase in the oval window. The authors concluded that this heat could easily be transmitted to the cochlea by the perilymph, which has obstructed contact with the outer environment following stapedomy, resulting in neurosensorial damage.
The endoscopic instruments used in middle ear surgery caused the temperature of the round window to rise. The rise varied with endoscope diameter and the type of light source used.
Highlights:Graphical/Tabular Abstract The effect of pipe materials used in the earth -air heat exchanger (EAHX) on thermal performance The comparison of different materials in heating and cooling conditions The effect of soil and outdoor temperatures with different materials on the thermal performance of EAHX The use of renewable energy sources in heating, cooling and ventilation applications increases and leads to reduce the energy consumption in buildings. Earth -Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX) systems utilize the thermal energy of the soil and can reduce energy use in buildings. In this study, the effect of different materials usage on EAHX systems was examined. The thermal performance of two EAHX systems using PVC and metal pipes at 3 m soil depth were investigated experimentally under Şanlıurfa climatic conditions. Figure A. Schematic drawing of the EAHX systemsPurpose: In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of different material usage on performance of EAHX systems.
Theory and Methods:In this study, two EAHX systems made of PVC and metal pipe were established at a depth of 3 m in the area belonging to the Harran University. Duct type radial fans with the same specifications were used in both EAHX systems. Measurements were taken from the systems for one year and the analyses were made separately for the heating conditions (winter period) and the cooling conditions (summer period).
Results:The temperature measurement results of EAHX systems in heating conditions were examined and it was understood that especially in the time interval of low outside temperature, the temperature of the metal pipe EAHX system is 1 or 2 o C higher than the other. In the June, July, August and September months, which were selected as the cooling season, it was seen that the metal pipe outlet temperature was about 5 o C lower than the PVC pipe outlet temperature in the time period of high outdoor temperature.
Conclusion:It has been determined that the metal pipe EAHX system has better thermal performance than the EAHX system with PVC pipe. In addition, when the temperature difference between the outside air and soil is low, it is observed that the output temperatures of metal and PVC systems are very close to each other.
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