Textile waste is produced in the starch process, a starch removal process, coloring, and printing. The use of banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca) was an alternative that was being developed as an absorbent to remove the color content and metal ions in textile waste. The purpose of this study was to analyze the workings and effectiveness of heavy metal adsorption and textile dyes with banana peel waste. Banana peel particles that were ready to be used as adsorbents were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to obtain particle morphology. Absorbance curve of Cu2+ dan Cr6+ can be obtained using spectrophotometric UV-Vis analysis with a wavelength of 635 nm for copper (Cu) and 469 nm for chromium (Cr). The activated carbon of banana peel was applied to 50 ml industrial waste solution and observed changes in absorbance for 120 minutes. The activated carbon was directly in contact with the solution of metal ions but the adsorption power was still not seen effectively so that the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) test was performed. The results of AAS analysis, namely activated carbon can reduce copper and chromium ion content respectively by 55.5% and 61%. If this activated carbon was used as an adsorbent for dyes in textile waste, the average absorption capacity of dye ion was 12.21% during the contact time of adsorption 120 minutes.
Ethanol is a fuel with a high octane number and is environmentally friendly. Bioethanol which can be made from biomass materials such as pineapple peel, is considered not to interfere with food security. With a fairly high carbohydrate and glucose content, pineapple can be converted into reducing sugars that can be fermented to produce ethanol. This study was conducted using the journal review method and aims to determine the mechanism, the variables that play the role, and the optimum conditions of fermentation in the manufacture of bioethanol from pineapple peel. The focus of the analysis was on hydrolysis, namely the type, concentration of the hydrolyzing agent, pH, temperature, and concentration of yeast in fermentation. The analysis from previous studies, the best hydrolysis was obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase enzymes with a concentration of 1%-2%. The optimum pH of fermentation was found at pH 5 to pH 6, the fermentation temperature was 30 oC with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration of 1.5% – 2%, and the optimum fermentation time occurred in the range of 48 to 96 hours. The high amount of reducing sugar produces a high amount of ethanol as well.
Gas karbon dioksida (CO2) merupakan gas asam (acid gas), karena sifatnya yang asam. Karena sifat asamnya ini, CO2 tergolong gas impurities yang sangat merugikan. Kecenderungan proses removal gas CO2 dari gas proses yang banyak diaplikasikan di industri kimia adalah absorpsi CO2 dalam larutan yang disertai reaksi kimia dengan menggunakan pelarut potasium karbonat (K2CO3) dengan penambahan amine sebagai promotor. Salah satu amine yang umum digunakan dalam industri kimia yaitu MDEA, dimana dikenal dengan proses Benfield. Data kesetimbangan fase uap-cair sistem CO2-K2CO3-MDEA-H2O dibutuhkan untuk perancangan yang rasional dan operasi yang optimal dari unit CO2 removal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi data solubilitas gas CO2 di dalam larutan potasium karbonat dengan promotor MDEA pada tekanan 1 atm serta komposisi K2CO3-MDEA yaitu 30% massa K2CO3–2% massa MDEA pada temperatur 30, 50 dan 70oC dengan menggunakan model elektrolit-NRTL. Perhitungan ini menggunakan program ASPEN PLUS V7.3, kemudian selanjutnya digunakan untuk membandingkan hasilnya dengan penelitian terdahulu secara eksperimen dan simulasi menggunakan MATLAB. Hasil prediksi dibandingkan dengan data eksperimen dengan ARD tekanan parsial CO2 22,5%. Pada penelitian ini, kenaikan CO2 loading pada rentang 0,0117-0,0187 menyebabkan kenaikan kelarutan CO2 dan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%. Selain itu, dengan adanya kenaikan temperatur dari 30-70°C menyebabkan kenaikan tekanan parsial CO2 sebesar 2-3%.Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is an acid gas, because of its acidic nature. CO2 is classified as a very harmful impurities gas. The tendency of CO2 removal process from process gas which is widely applied in chemical industry is chemical absorption using K2CO3 as solvent and amine as promoter. One of the amines that can be used is MDEA, which is known as Benfield process. The vapor-liquid phase data of the CO2-K2CO3-MDEA-H2O system are required for the rational design and optimal operation of the CO2 removal unit. This study aimed to predict solubility data of CO2 gas in potassium carbonate solution with MDEA promoter at 30% K2CO3-2% MDEA with various temperatures of 30, 50, and 70oC and 1 atm using the Electrolyte Non-Random Two Liquid (ENRTL) model. This calculation used ASPEN PLUS V7.3 program, then subsequently used to compare the results with previous experimental and simulated studies using MATLAB. The predicted results were compared with experimental data with ARD mole fraction CO2 22.5% by CO2 loading 0,0117-0.0187 . In this study, the increase of CO2 loading led to increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressures . The increase in CO2 loading results in increased CO2 solubility and CO2 partial pressure 2-3%. Besides, in temperature rise causes an increase in CO2 partial pressure.
The purpose of this research was to study pyrolysis of glycerol to produce hydrogen using microwave. The use of microwave aimed to produce high temperatures, because pyrolysis require high temperature.The effect of kind of catalyst and microwave power were studied. The catalyst was activated carbon and Ni/HZSM-5.The catalyst of activated carbon was ready to use, whereas Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst was obtained by ion exchange from Na-ZSM-5 with NH 4 Cl and then HZSM-5 was impregnated with metal solution of Ni (NO 3 ) 2 .6 H 2 O. Experiments were conducted by mixing catalyst in the reactor together with glycerol solution of 10% (weight percent) as much as 100 ml. Reactor was made from pyrex and mounted on microwave equipped with a thermocouple. And then, reactor was heated on power of 400-700 Watt during thirty minutes. The reaction produced gases and liquid to be analyzed by chromatography gas.The conclusion stated that microwave could pyrolysis glycerol into hydrogen. By product of this reaction were methanol, allyl alcohol, acrolein and unidentified products. The difference of catalyst produced different product as well. The pyrolysis of glycerol using activated carbon produced conversion of 60 %, while using catalysts Ni/HZSM-5 obtained conversion of 87 %. The reaction produced hydrogen gases was relatively small for both of catalysts that is minimum of 0,59% and maximum of 0,88%.
Biogas is a gas produced by anaerobic activity with the process of decomposition (degradation) of organic materials. Biogas can be produced from several sources of methane, including domestic (household) waste, biodegradable waste, animal waste, or organic wastes that can be decomposed under anaerobic conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of various conditions (time, pH, stirring time and the type and concentration of inoculum) on biogas production and to analyze the optimum conditions in the biogas production process. This research was conducted with the factors that influence the process of making biogas. Based on the analysis results obtained several processes in the production of biogas, among others, hydrolysis, acetogenesis, asedogenesis, and methanogenesis. The results of the previous experiment were the optimal biogas research from tofu liquid waste, biogas produced with a volume of 26,700 ml, within 36 days and was obtained using an operating temperature of 35-40ᵒC and using cow dung inoculum, and using a 36 liter digester.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.