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In the present study, enzymatic responsive controlled release formulations (CRFs) were fabricated. The CRFs were achieved by anchoring mechanically interlocked molecules using α-cyclodextrin onto the surface pore rims of hollow mesoporous silica (HMS). The CRFs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the CRFs had extraordinary loading ability for chlorantraniliprole (42% w/w) and could effectively preserve chlorantraniliprole against degradation under thermal conditions and UV radiation. The CRFs have been proven to be enzyme-sensitive. The release ratio of chlorantraniliprole from CRFs can be accelerated observably when external α-amylase was introduced. The persistence of CRFs was evaluated by regular sampling feeding experiment using Plutella xylostella as the target insect. The results showed that the larval mortality of P. xylostella was much higher than that of Coragen under all concentrations after 14 days, which proved that CRFs had remarkable persistence.

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Stimulus-responsive release systems for site-specific pesticide delivery are one of the promising strategies to improve the use efficiency of pesticides as well as decrease environmental damage. Herein, a plant disease microenvironment-responsive nanosystem using disulfide-bridged mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) as the porous support and calcium carbonate (CaC) as the capping agent was constructed to deliver prochloraz (PRO) for management of Sclerotinia disease. The obtained PRO-MON-CaC had high loading capacity and could effectively enhance the light stability of PRO. This delivery system could respond to different biological stimuli associated with Sclerotinia disease and release PRO intelligently. Compared with PRO emulsion in water, PRO-MON-CaC provided a longer Sclerotinia disease protection window on potted rapeseed plants. The acute toxicity of PRO-MON-CaC to zebrafish was reduced more than 4-fold compared with that of PRO technical. Additionally, MON-CaC nanocarriers had no obvious influence on the growth of rapeseed plants. This study represents a promising approach for sustainable plant disease management and precision farming.

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