Solvent extraction is commonly used to separate mixtures of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, and solvent choice is strongly influenced by the affinity to the target component, cost and safety.
The efficient and sustainable development of deep marine carbonate rock reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin has higher technical requirements for reservoir acidizing alteration technology. However, the acidification effect of deep marine carbonate rock reservoirs was hampered by the drawbacks such as uncontrollable acidification rate of the reservoir, the large friction resistance, and the great acid filtration. A novel heat- and shear-resistant nano-silica gelling agent CTG-1 is prepared based on nano-silica and combined with amide compounds. The influence of different factors on the acid filtration performance and heat- and shear-resistant capacity of carbonate rock reservoirs were analyzed, and then the mechanism of nano-silica gelling agent for acid filtration reduction in carbonate rock reservoirs is revealed. The research results showed that the filtration resistance of acid solution decreases slightly with the increase in the content of nano-silica gelling agent and reservoir pressure. The viscosity, fluid loss coefficient, and friction-reducing rate are as high as 25 mPa s, 2.4 × 10−2 m3 min1/2, and 71%, respectively, showing significantly better result than that of commonly used commercial gelling agents. The development of nano-silica gelling agent provides a reliable reference for effectively improving the acidification and stimulation effect of deep marine carbonate rock reservoirs.
Aiming at the current situation that the existing acidizing corrosion inhibitors are difficult to apply in high temperature, high concentration acid, and other complex conditions, this article uses nano-SiO2 as the core and preferably functional monomers to synthesize nano-SiO2@octadecylbisimidazoline quaternary ammonium salt (nano-SiO2@OBQA). Analytical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization. The corrosion inhibition performance of the N80 steel sheet by nano-SiO2@OBQA in 20% concentrated hydrochloric acid was studied using the high-temperature corrosion testing machine and adsorption isotherm model combined with quantum chemistry calculations to explore its mechanism of action. The results show that nano-SiO2@OBQA has good high-temperature resistance. When the temperature is 180℃ and the dosage of nano-SiO2@OBQA is 4%, the corrosion inhibition rate is 61.42 g·m−2·h−1. Studies have shown that the adsorption of nano-SiO2@OBQA on the surface of the N80 steel sheet follows the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model, which is spontaneous chemical adsorption.
Adsorbent is an important waste water-based drilling fluid treatment agent, which can adsorb and settle heavy metal ions, high polymer organics, and other soluble harmful substances in the waste drilling fluid. Traditional adsorbents such as polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide will produce other metal ions or toxic monomers after hydrolysis, which cannot fully meet the requirements of safety and environmental protection. Therefore, a new environmentally friendly waste water-based drilling fluid adsorbent, named RH-β-CD, was prepared by the Wilson etherification reaction, which was initiated by epichlorohydrin and ceric ammonium nitrate, and successfully grafted rhamnolipid and amine strong adsorption groups onto β-cyclodextrin. The adsorption effect and environmental protection performance of RH-β-CD on the organic matter and chromium ion in waste sulfonated water-based drilling fluid were evaluated and compared with commonly used adsorbents such as activated carbon, PAM, and polyaluminum chloride. The results show that RH-β-CD can effectively adsorb the organic matter in the filtrate of waste water-based drilling fluids, reduce its chemical oxygen consumption, and reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions in the filtrate. The effect is better than PAM, activated carbon, and polyaluminum chloride, with the BOD5/CODcr >20% and EC50 >1,000,000 mg·L−1, which is environmentally friendly.
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