This study compares a series of estimates of the time spent on housework from survey responses and time‐use estimates from the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) obtained from husbands and wives in the Sloan 500 Family Study. These include estimates from husband's and wife's answers to questions about own time and spouse's time on household tasks, and time‐use estimates from the ESM. The three ESM estimates include primary activity only, primary plus secondary activity, and primary and secondary activity plus time spent thinking about household tasks. We find that estimates of hours spent on housework differ substantially and significantly across various measures, as does the absolute size of the gap between hours spent by husbands and wives. Share of housework done by husbands differs somewhat less.
We examined the cell death-inducing property of human Fas-associated factor 1 (hFAF1) in the heat shock signaling pathway. By employing co-immunoprecipitation and peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we found that hFAF1 binds to the 70-kDa heat shock protein family (Hsc70/Hsp70). Interaction mapping indicated that the 82-180 sequence of hFAF1 directly binds to the N-terminal region containing sequence 1-120 of Hsc70/Hsp70. This binding is very tight regardless of ATP and heat shock treatment. Hsc70/ Hsp70 and hFAF1 co-localized in the cytosol and nucleus and concentrated to the perinuclear region by heat shock treatment. We examined how hFAF1 regulates Hsp70 function, and found that hFAF1 inhibited the Hsp70 chaperone activity of refolding denatured protein substrates, accelerated heat shock-induced SAPK/ JNK activation, and raised heat shock-induced cell death in a binding dependent manner. These results suggest that hFAF1 prevents cells from recovery after stress by binding to and inhibiting the chaperone activity of Hsp70.
a b s t r a c tReceptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) has been implicated in ischemic necrosis of retinal cells. An in silico analysis followed by experimental validation identified death associated protein (Daxx) as a novel substrate of RIP3. In vitro binding studies revealed that RIP3 binds to the serine/proline/threonine-rich domain (amino acid 625-740) of Daxx. Upon ischemic insult, RIP3 phosphorylated Daxx at Ser-668 in the retinal ganglion cells, triggering nuclear export of Daxx. Depletion of RIP3 significantly inhibited nuclear export of Daxx and attenuated cell death to a great extent. Collectively, the findings of this study demonstrate that phosphorylation of Daxx by RIP3 comprises an important part of ischemic necrosis in rat retinal ganglion cells.
Structured summary of protein interactions:Daxx binds to Rip3 by pull down (View Interaction: 1, 2) Rip3 and Daxx colocalize by fluorescence microscopy (View interaction) Rip3 physically interacts with Daxx by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction) Daxx binds to Rip1 bypull down (View interaction)
No ideal cross-linking agent has been identified for decellularized livers (DLs) yet. In this study, we evaluated structural improvements and biocompatibility of porcine DLs after cross-linking with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Porcine liver slices were decellularized and then loaded with AgNPs (100 nm) after optimization of the highest non-toxic concentration (5 µg/mL) using Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and EAhy926 human endothelial cell lines. The cross-linking effect of AgNPs was evaluated and compared to that of glutaraldehyde and ethyl carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide. The results indicated that AgNPs improved the ultra-structure of DLs' collagen fibres with good porosity and increased DLs' resistance against in vitro degradation with good cytocompatibility. AgNPs decreased the host inflammatory reaction against implanted porcine DL slices in vivo and increased the polarization of M2 macrophages. Thus, structural and functional improvements of Porcine DLs could be achieved using AgNPs.
Korea is well known for long work hours. This study examined the effect of not only the total amount of working time but also work schedules on individuals’ subjective well-being in Korea. Drawing on the 2014 Korean Time Use Survey data, the authors selected currently employed people aged 19–65 and examined the effects of total work hours as well as work schedules on feeling rushed, feeling tired, and life satisfaction. Based on the ordered logistic regression analysis, long work hours were negatively related to subjective well-being regardless of work schedules. After adding an interaction between standard and nonstandard work schedules, the study found that while work hours during both standard and nonstandard schedules are associated with declines in psychological status, the negative effect of working time during nonstandard work schedules on subjective well-being is stronger as the work hours during standard schedules decrease.
Decellularization is an attractive method for scaffold designing in regenerative medicine. The resulting extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of structural proteins such as collagen and elastin, growth factors, and glycosaminoglycans, which can direct site-appropriate remodeling after in vivo implantation. Mainly, collagen and elastin of ECM are exposed to the enzymatic biodegradation in the host. To control the biodegradation process, treatment of decellularized tissue by a cross-linking agent is required. Cross-linking also reduces antigenicity and increases the storage properties. Cross-linkers should be nontoxic, with the ability to preserve the ECM components, especially glycosaminoglycans and associated growth factors for retention of scaffold bioactivity. In this review, we describe the different cross-linking agents and methods of evaluation of cross-linking efficiency.
Objectives
This study examines how living arrangements are associated with suicidal ideation for older adults in South Korea, which has the highest suicide rate among OECD countries, and a particularly high suicide rate for older persons.
Methods
Analyzing a sample of 5,795 women and 3,758 men aged 65 and older from a nationwide representative cross-sectional data set, we examined how many older adults think about suicide over a one-year period, why they think about suicide, and whether living arrangements are associated with suicidal ideation.
Results
About one out of twelve respondents in our sample reported suicidal ideation. While women and men did not differ in the prevalence of suicidal ideation, women attributed their suicidal feelings to health problems, while men attributed theirs to economic difficulties. Logistic regression results indicated that living arrangements are associated with suicidal ideation for men but not women. Older men living with a spouse were less likely to have suicidal ideation than older men with other living arrangements (i.e., living alone, living with children without spouse, living with spouse and others).
Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of living arrangements to older men’s suicidal ideation. We discuss gender differences in the implications of living arrangements to suicidal ideation within the context of Confucian culture.
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