Maspin expression might be an important factor in tumor progression and patient prognosis, but is not an independent prognostic factor. Maspin expression is inversely correlated with mutant p53 expression in gastric cancer, which suggests that maspin expression is regulated by the p53 pathway.
Controversy remains over the role of risk factors in developing colorectal polyps. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of colorectal polyps with risk factors including obesity, age, alcohol, and smoking. We retrospectively assessed colorectal polyps through medical records and patient interviews of 1080 patients who underwent colonoscopy regardless of symptoms. The degree of obesity was determined by body mass index (BMI), and colorectal polyps were divided into hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps. The prevalence of colorectal polyps was 45.3% (489 patients). Of these, the prevalences of hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps were 23.3% and 26.7%, respectively. The most common number, size, and location of colorectal polyps were one (63.8%), 5.0∼9.0 mm (50.1%), and rectosigmoid colon (35.7%), respectively. Age, amount of alcohol, and smoking were significantly higher in the group with polyps than in that without polyps (54.9±11.3 vs. 50.0±13.1 years, 75.8 vs. 39.3 g/week, and 9.3±12.6 vs. 4.6±9.1 pack years, respectively, p=0.001). There were no significant differences in BMI between the groups with (23.2 kg/m 2 ) or without (23.1 kg/m 2 ) polyps. Also, there was no significant relationship between BMI and the size, number, or location of colorectal polyps. Age, alcohol, and smoking were associated with colorectal polyps by one-way ANOVA test but not by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additionally, BMI had no relationship with the size, number, or location of colorectal polyps. In conclusion, age, alcohol drinking, and smoking may be associated with colorectal polyps, but obesity as assessed by BMI was not.
Background : pAkt (the phosphorylated form of the proto-oncogene protein c-akt) and survivin (human BIRC5 protein) are candidate apoptosis-related molecules that may be responsible for cancer progression. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of pAkt and survivin in malignant stomach neoplasm, and their value as prognostic indicators of cancer. Methods : The expression of pAkt and survivin in 144 cases of gastric cancer was detected by immunohistochemistry and compared with established clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of this disease. Results : Expression of pAkt showed significant correlations with depth of invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis, as well as the stage (p < 0.05 for all three correlations), but not with the Lauren classification. Survivin expression closely correlated with histological type, Lauren classification, depth of invasion, metastasis, and stage (p < 0.05 for all). The overall survival of patients with pAkt/survivin expression was inferior to that of patients with loss of pAkt/survivin expression. Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between stage (p = 0.04), survivin expression (p = 0.02), and prognosis. Conclusions : Patients with pAkt/survivin expression in gastric cancer are at increased risk of cancer-related mortality via the apoptosis resistance pathway. Expression of pAkt and survivin could be used as a prognostic indicator for gastric cancer.
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