People have used rainwater harvesting (RWH) technology for generations to a considerable extent in semi-arid and arid regions. In addition to meeting domestic needs, this technology can be utilized for agricultural purposes as well as soil and water conservation measures. Modeling the identification of the appropriate pond’s location therefore becomes crucial. This study employs a Geo Information System (GIS) based multi-criteria analysis (MCA) approach and satellite rainfall data, Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) to determine the suitable locations for the ponds in a semi-arid area of Indonesia, Liliba watershed, Timor. The criteria for determining the location of the reservoir refer to the FAO and Indonesia’s small ponds guideline. The watershed’s biophysical characteristics and the socioeconomic situation were taken into consideration when selecting the site. According our statistical analysis, the correlation coefficient results of satellite daily precipitation were weak and moderate, but the results were strong and extremely strong for longer time scales (monthly). Our analysis shows that about 13% of the entire stream system is not suitable for ponds, whereas areas that are both good suitability and excellent suitability for ponds make up 24% and 3% of the total stream system. 61% of the locations are partially suited. The results are then verified against simple field observations. Our analysis suggests that there are 13 locations suitable for pond construction. The combination of geospatial data, GIS, a multi-criteria analysis, and a field survey proved effective for the RWH site selection in a semi-arid region with limited data, especially on the first and second order streams.
Jaringan Irigasi Air Tanah (JIAT) adalah salah satu opsi mitigasi kekeringan di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Pertanyaan utamanya adalah apakah investasi untuk pembangunan sumur bor beserta jaringan irigasi setara dengan manfaat finansial yang diperoleh dari investasi tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji opsi mitigasi tersebut dengan metode analisa cost and benefit di Desa Kuanheun, Kecamatan Amabi Oefeto, Kabupaten Kupang, NTT. Pada kajian ini pula dilakukan perhitungan alternatif irigasi optimum. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa pola tanam dan pemberian air irigasi belum memberikan keuntungan finansial. Karena itu perlu dirancang alternatif irigasi yang berpotensi menguntungkan. Alternatif irigasi optimum yang dipilih adalah pemilihan jenis tanaman dan pola pemberian air sesuai kebutuhan tiap fase pertumbuhan tanaman. Alternatif pertama didapatkan, pola tanam yakni Padi – Padi – Jagung dengan nilai NPV Rp. 1.339.338.947,71, IRR sebesar 24% sudah menguntungkan dari segi ekonomi, dan BCR sebesar 1.95. Sedangkan alternative kedua, Padi – Padi – Kacang Tanah, diperoleh nilai NPV Rp. 2.056.045.301,17, IRR sebesar 30%, dan BCR sebesar 2.29. Kedua alternatif yang dipilih berpotensi menguntungkan dari segi finansial.
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