In the UN’s humanitarian response plan, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) calls on countries to: support small-scale farmers so that they can increase food production. At the same time, among the 17 goals to transform our world, one of the most important is goal 2: Eliminate hunger, ensure food security and improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. The main goal of the development of the main sector of agriculture – aquaculture is to provide the population with a variety of safe and environmentally friendly fish food products available to people with different income levels, as well as to meet the needs of neighboring industries in technical products. The fisheries sector plays an important role in the economy of any country. In Africa, aquaculture develops with varying degrees of intensity depending on the region. This review article examines the prospects for the development of sustainable aquaculture in the East African Republic of Burundi, a landlocked developing country that has its own history and traditions in aquaculture. The results of the study of soil characteristics of pond reservoirs that are of fishing significance in the country determined the further development of commercial cultivation and promising aquaculture facilities.
The article presents the results of research on the physiological and biochemical state of sturgeon juveniles using various functional loads at the early stages of post-embryonic development of sturgeon raised on an experimental diet in the presence of live food. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the application of functional load methods and feeding regimen to establish the physiological status of released juveniles to replenish natural populations. The article provides information about the stability of young sturgeon fish during the period of release from sturgeon hatcheries to replenish the natural population, further entry from fresh to sea water, and placement in places of natural feeding. The temperature and salinity of water for hydrobionts is a factor that has an integral effect on the activity of functionally important systems of the body at all stages of the life cycle. Juveniles obtained from artificial generations and grown in a combined way on various feeds retain high plasticity, adequate nutrition forms an osmoregulatory function and resistance to temperature conditions of the environment. It is proved experimentally that the feeding regime is an important factor affecting the fish-breeding and biological and physiological and biochemical parameters of young Russian sturgeon, stellate sturgeon and bester.
The appearance of new preparations with antioxidant properties allows us to improve the technology of fish feeding and increase the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance. Due to the fact that an important criterion for choosing a feed additive is environmental safety, natural bioantiooxidants of flavonoid nature, in particular dihydroquercetin, isolated from larch wood, are of interest. It is known that dihydroquercetin has capillaroprotective, lymphokinetic and other properties, but it has a low solubility in water (about 1 g/l), which probably limits its pharmacological activity. In a recent study, it was found that the use of dihydroquercetin (DHA) in a composition with plant polysaccharides increases its pharmacological effect, which is associated with an increase in solubility. One of these commonly used polysaccharides is arabinogalactan, also isolated from larch. The scientific and practical significance of the work consists in testing the effectiveness of bioflavonoids in the composition of production feeds for sturgeon fish as sources of antioxidants, immunostimulants and prebiotics.
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