Metode sol gel merupakan salah satu metoda sintesis nanopartikel yang menerapkan 2 tahapan fasa penting yaitu sol dan gel. Tujuan review ini adalah untuk mengetahui prinsip dan teknik pada proses pembuatan sol gel. Prinsip metoda sintesis dengan teknik sol gel ini adalah pembentukan senyawa awal ( prekursor ) yang terdiri dari garam-garam organik atau senyawa metal organik, terjadinya polimerisasi larutan, terbentuknya, dan membutuhkan proses pengeringan dan kalsinasi untuk menghilangkan senyawa organik serta membentuk material anorganik berupa oksida. Beberapa material yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan metode sol gel ini adalah ceramic fibers, thin film coating, monolithic ceramics and glasses.
In writing scientific work, a work system is needed online (online) so that the search process is fast and accurate. The online data-based writing model with endnote application is an alternative model of scientific writing that can be applied to school teacher teachers and lecturers. The purpose of this study was to develop a model of scientific writing and measure the effectiveness of its application to MGMP Chemistry teachers in Padang Panjang City. The method used is the development of the ADDIE model and the success test with CV (Coefficient of Variations). Implementation is carried out on all Chemistry teacher teachers who are members of the Padangpanjang City Chemical MGMP. Each teacher will receive training and assistance in creating an Online Library as a database. The training continued with the application of the preparation of scientific works based on student learning outcomes data in each school. From the results of the study, it was found that the level of ease in literacy and compilation of scientific work reached 70% SS and 30% S. The level of interest of Master in compiling scientific work with Endnote reached 30%. SS san 70% S. The desire of participants to start compiling scientific work reaches 20% US, 60% S and 20% SS. The training effectiveness test found that the coefficient of variation had decreased from 2.75% to 1.63%, so it could be concluded that the model for the preparation of scientific work was successfully applied to the Teachers of the Padangpanjang Chemical MGMP
In writing scientific work, a work system is needed online (online) so that the search process is fast and accurate. The online data-based writing model with endnote application is an alternative model of scientific writing that can be applied to school teacher teachers and lecturers. The purpose of this study was to develop a model of scientific writing and measure the effectiveness of its application to MGMP Chemistry teachers in Padang Panjang City. The method used is the development of the ADDIE model and the success test with CV (Coefficient of Variations). Implementation is carried out on all Chemistry teacher teachers who are members of the Padangpanjang City Chemical MGMP. Each teacher will receive training and assistance in creating an Online Library as a database. The training continued with the application of the preparation of scientific works based on student learning outcomes data in each school. From the results of the study, it was found that the level of ease in literacy and compilation of scientific work reached 70% SS and 30% S. The level of interest of Master in compiling scientific work with Endnote reached 30%. SS san 70% S. The desire of participants to start compiling scientific work reaches 20% US, 60% S and 20% SS. The training effectiveness test found that the coefficient of variation had decreased from 2.75% to 1.63%, so it could be concluded that the model for the preparation of scientific work was successfully applied to the Teachers of the Padangpanjang Chemical MGMP.
The concept is an understanding of an individual or a group of people who is expressed in the form of a meaning that produces knowledge. Misconceptions of students that appear continuously will interfere with the formation of scientific conceptions and can affect student learning outcomes. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the misconceptions of students. One of the diagnostic tests that can be used is a two-tier multiple choice test or known as a two-tier multiple choice, the first level is the question being tested while the second level contains the reasons for the answer to the first level. This study aims to analyze misconceptions and determine the percentage of students' misconceptions on hydrocarbon material using descriptive methods. The subjects were 27 students of class XI IPA 2 in SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. The research instrument was a Two Tier Multiple Choice diagnostic test by dividing students' conceptual understanding into the categories of conceptual understanding, misconception, and conceptual misunderstanding. The results showed that the percentage of students' conceptual understanding in the concept understanding category was 31%, misconception was 36%, and did not understand the concept by 34% on hydrocarbon material. Students' misconceptions on hydrocarbon material at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang were categorized as moderate. Konsep merupakan pemahaman individu atau sekelompok orang yang diungkapkan dalam bentuk pengertian yang menghasilkan suatu pengetahuan. Miskonsepsi peserta didik yang muncul terus menerus akan mengganggu pembentukan konsepsi ilmiah dan dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar peserta didik. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan analisis miskonsepsi peserta didik. Salah satu tes diagnostik yang dapat digunakan adalah tes pilihan ganda bertingkat dua atau dikenal sebagai two-tier multiple choice, tingkat pertama merupakan pertanyaan yang diujikan sedangkan tingkat kedua berisi alasan atas jawaban pada tingkat pertama. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis miskonsepsi dan menentukan persentase miskonsepsi peserta didik pada materi hidrokarbon dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA 2 di SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang yang berjumlah 27 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes diagnostik Two Tier Multiple Choice dengan membagi pemahaman konsep peserta didik dalam kategori paham konsep, miskonsepsi, dan tidak paham konsep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase pemahaman konsep peserta didik pada kategori paham konsep sebesar 31%, miskonsepsi sebesar 36%, dan tidak paham konsep sebesar 34% pada materi hidrokarbon. Miskonsepsi peserta didik pada materi hidrokarbon di SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang termasuk kriteria sedang.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam rangka bimbingan menulis proposal dan melaksanakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) serta membuat laporan PTK dalam bentuk artikel bagi guru-guru kimia agar dapat dipublikasikan pada jurnal Nasioanl atau Internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 1 Kota Bukittinggi selama 2 hari dengan jumlah peserta 13 orang guru kimia. Dalam pelaksanaan bimbingan ini dilakukan 4 metode. Pertama, metode ceramah ketika penyampaian materi; kedua, metode tanya jawab; ketiga, praktik pelaksanaan didampingi oleh tim ahli; keempat, diskusi untuk mengidentifikasi keberhasilan peserta. Sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan peserta diberikan angket mengenai keperluan peserta terhadap materi serta pemahaman peserta terhadap materi. Dalam kegiatan ini peserta dapat mengetahui permasalahan dikelas dan juga cara penelusuran artikel PTK secara online, metode dan Teknik penulisan artikel hasil PTK, teknik submit artikel hasil PTK kepada jurnal Nasional, serta penggunaan program Mendeley untuk mempermudah penulisan sitasi dan daftar pustaka pada artikel. Hasil pemahaman peserta sebelum penyampain materi dengan setelah penyampaian materi mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan yang ditandai dengan kenaikan jumlah pesrta yang paham. Dengan adanya bimbingan penulisan artikel dan penyusunan PTK ini memberikan motivasi kepada guru untuk membuat karya ilmiah berupa artikel hingga dapat dipublikasi.
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