This case-study conducted in Norway investigates employers’ responses to policy measures implemented throughout 2006–2015 and aimed at promoting the inclusion of persons with disabilities (PwDs) into mainstream employment by providing workplace adaptations. For this purpose, we apply a multi-method approach by combining in-depth qualitative interviews conducted with the managers at two large private companies in Norway and quantitative shift-share analysis performed on the Norwegian Disabled People LFS data. While the shift-share analysis has demonstrated positive effects in the employment of PwDs at the national level and in providing adaptations at work during 2011–2015 for ‘changes of working time’, ‘need for one or more adaptations’ and ‘changes of work tasks’, ‘physical adaptations’ remain negative. The qualitative interviews report that ‘flexibility’ or ‘changes of working time’ is the main workplace adaptation the managers at both companies provide to own employees who return to work after acquiring a disability or having a long-term illness. Both companies demonstrate high conformity to accessibility standards, however, the provision of workplace adaptations to PwDs without prior work experience remains limited or absent despite the disability policy measures in Norway in that period and the companies’ commitment to inclusion.
We suggest a new generalization of Pontryagin duality from the category of Abelian locally compact groups to a category which includes all Moore groups, i.e. groups whose irreducible representations are finite-dimensional. Objects in this category are pro-C*-algebras with a structure of Hopf algebras (in the strict algebraic sense) with respect to a certain topological tensor product.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 22D35, 22D25, 16T05.
This article considers the employment situation of disabled people, and disability policies, in three Nordic and three Baltic countries (Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania). The analysis is framed by a changing paradigm for disability policy‐making, from compensation towards human rights and in a context of multi‐level governance involving the EU and UN as significant policy actors. The analysis draws on policy analysis and European social survey data to compare outcomes for disabled people in each country and in binary comparison between Nordic and Baltic countries. This enables interactions between individual and regional block factors to be modelled. We conclude that national policies make a difference, that non‐discrimination policies are not enough and that a focused mix of regulatory and redistributive measures is needed. The findings highlight better employment and social protection outcomes for disabled people in the Nordic countries, but point to policy challenges in both blocks. National processes of (de)commodification and stratification affect disabled people differently and this may disrupt our assumptions about welfare state comparisons.
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