eart failure (HF) is a major and growing public health problem in developed countries. 1 In the United States, approximately 5 million individuals have HF, and more than 550,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. 1 To our knowledge, only a few reports have focused on this issue in Japan. 2,3 The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of population aging on the number of outpatients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) over the next 5 decades in Japan. All study participants provided informed consent and the study design was approved by the ethics review board of Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences.We applied estimated age-, gender-, and conditionspecific prevalences to the projected Japanese population in each age group and gender for the future until 2055, to provide a prospective estimate of the number of these patients. The primary data source was the Sado Heart Failure Study, a hospital-based research project primarily designed to count the number of patients with LVD by total enumeration in all hospitals on the island of Sado. The proportion of echocardiographically diagnosed systolic (SD) and isolated diastolic dysfunction (IDD) patients (together referred to as LVD) in the general population in 2003 4,5 was used as a substitute for the prevalence of LVD in the present study
SUMMARYDetermining the type of cardiac dysfunction is important for implementing therapeutic strategies and for prognostic insights. We characterized systolic dysfunction (SD) and isolated diastolic dysfunction (IDD) in adults referred for echocardiographic evaluation, and compared their clinical and other characteristics. In the present work, we studied 218 patients (137 males) with cardiac dysfunction (mean age, 66.3 ± 8.3 years). SD was defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of < 45%, whereas IDD was defined as a LVEF ≥ 45% in addition to the standard Doppler-echocardiography diagnostic criteria for IDD. Approximately 68% of subjects had SD (70% males). The proportions of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were 44%, 26%, and 22%, respectively, without significant association with the type of dysfunction. Myocardial infarction (MI) was found in 31% of patients, and was significantly (P < 0.001) more prevalent among SD compared with IDD cases. Cerebral stroke (18%) and malignancy (16%) were significantly associated with IDD (29% versus 13% for SD in the case of stroke, and 26% versus 11% for SD in the case of malignancy; P = 0.008 for each). In multivariately-adjusted logistic regression analysis, the following variables were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) and independently associated with IDD: female gender (odds ratio 769-4.808]) was independently associated with SD. In conclusion, some factors/comorbidities were more likely to associate with IDD (female gender, stroke, and malignancy) or SD (previous MI) when IDD and SD were compared with each other. (Int Heart J 2008; 49: 459-469) [
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.