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Installation of a carbanionic substituent, that is strongly stabilized by two (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl (Tf = SO 2 CF 3) groups, into several fluorescence dyes including boron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs), fluoresceins, and aminocoumarins has been achieved by the 2,2-bis(triflyl)ethylation reaction of the dye frameworks with highly electrophilic Tf 2 C = CH 2 , followed by neutralization with NaHCO 3. Despite the contradiction between water solubility and lipophilicity, the carbanion-decorated dyes thus obtained showed significant enhancement of not only water solubility but also lipophilicity. This work clearly demonstrates that the fluorinated, highly stabilized carbanionic substituent is a new option for controlling the macroscopic property of chemical materials. Water solubility (and aqueous solubility) is a key macroscopic property for chemical materials directed towards biorelevant applications. [1] The most common way to improve the water solubility of less soluble compounds is introduction of ionic groups such as the sulfonato group into the molecular structure (Figure 1 A). However, such ionic functionalities

Introduction Measurement of blood Favipiravir (FPV) levels and accumulation of data in COVID-19 patients are critical for assessing FPV efficacy and safety. We performed a retrospective study based on measurements of blood levels of FPV and related factors in COVID-19 patients admitted to our hospital. Furthermore, we also investigated the association between blood FPV levels and uric acid level alterations before and after FPV administration. Methods We enrolled 27 COVID-19 patients who had received FPV treatment at Hokushin General Hospital from April 1 to December 31, 2020. Age, gender, COVID-19 severity, presence of comorbidities, and laboratory data for each subject were investigated to identify factors that correlate with blood FPV levels. Uric acid levels were measured before and after FPV administration and a difference between the levels ( i.e. , a change of uric acid level) was evaluated. Results When a significant univariate variable was input by the stepwise method and a combination of variables that maintained statistical superiority was searched, serum ferritin was the only factor that independently affected blood FPV level. Furthermore, in the high-FPV group (20 μg/mL or more), a significant increase in uric acid levels was observed after FPV administration. The increment value was significantly larger than that in the low-FPV group (less than 20 μg/mL). Conclusions Ferritin level was an important independent factor inversely affecting blood FPV level. Furthermore, a high blood FPV level induced the elevation of uric acid levels in COVID-19 treatment.

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A high-throughput screening method for the complexation between metal ions and drugs was established by combining solid-phase extraction (SPE) using a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) modified silica spin-cartridge with subsequent HPLC analysis. First, a test metal ion solution was passed through the NTA cartridge, then a test drug solution diluted in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) was passed through the metal-chelated NTA cartridge. The complexation behavior between the metal and the drug on the NTA cartridge was evaluated by HPLC quantification of the drug in the SPE eluate. Comprehensive analysis of the complexation behavior between eleven different metal ions and fifty-five drugs showed that Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cr 3+ and Fe 3+ formed complexes with 12, 5, 4, 2, 1 and 1 kinds of drugs, respectively. Bromazepam selectively formed complexes with Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ and Co 2+ .

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