Purpose This study aims to examine whether citizens of non-Muslim countries accept products with a “halal” logo. In the era of globalization, one of the most crucial issues for Muslim travelers is reliable halal foods when visiting non-Muslim countries. If people in non-Muslim countries accept imported products containing halal certification logos, and such products are readily available in shops, this issue could be substantially improved. Design/methodology/approach Malaysia and Japan were selected as Muslim and non-Muslim countries, respectively, to conduct a choice experiment (CE) for 656 non-Muslim subjects, and estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for mineral water with and without the halal logo. A random parameter logit model was used for estimation. Findings The difference between the WTP for mineral water with and without the halal logo was ¥5; however, the associated coefficient is not statistically significant. This implies that the halal logo has no impact on non-Muslim subjects’ purchasing behavior. From this, we can infer that the halal products with certification logo would be accepted in Japanese shops, which may foster foreign Muslim visits. Research limitations/implications As the results are based on a couple of countries (Malaysia and Japan) and only one product (mineral water), further investigation using other products in different countries would be necessary. However, as suggested in the main text, the results enjoy a degree of generalizability. Originality/value The results of this study support the possibility of circulating halal products in non-Muslim countries and thus promoting Muslim travel abroad. No such study has examined this issue using CE.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the carrying capacity (K) of the wolf and lynx in Latvia using time series data of the estimated population size and number of harvests from 1958 to 2005. We modified the Schaefer model by adding a lag operator. First, we performed the unit root test. In this study, all the time series data are stationary, indicating freedom from spurious correlation. We set both the lag value and estimation period (starting year changed from 1959 to 1968) and searched for the best model based on Akaike information criteria (AIC). The results indicated that τ = 3 is the best value and the estimated value of K is 1,066-1,092 individuals for the wolf, with the starting year changed from 1959 to 1968. For the lynx, we could not select the value of τ; the estimated value of K was stable and determined as 971-1,188 individuals.
Sika deer (Cervus nippon), native to Asia, formed two well‐established free‐living populations in the Czech Republic over the last century and continue to spread. Sika are also maintained in a large number of enclosures; these continue to introduce new individuals from the places of its origin as well as from other European countries. Despite extensive research into the morphology and ethology of the Czech sika deer, conducted over the last three decades, no study using genetic methods has been done. This study aimed to determine the genetic variability and the geographic origin of the Czech sika deer population. Two mitochondrial markers, the cytochrome b and the control region were analyzed in this study. Analysis of the two markers confirmed that the founder individuals of the Czech population originated from both native island (Japanese Islands) and native mainland (Far East Russia) populations. Results showed that the genetic variability of the Czech sika deer population is lower than the variability of the native Japanese population, but higher than that of the sampled part of the native Russian population. Also, the genetic variability was found to be higher within the samples from enclosures.
This study aims to investigate the influence of trust, satisfaction, values, and brand image on the loyalty of MaxxCoffee. Data collection in this study was conducted using a questionnaire given to students of Universitas Pelita Harapan as respondents. The research design uses convenience sampling with a total sample of 249 samples. The data collection method is utilizing questionnaires and the data is analyzed by the Partial Least Square of Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings of this study are trust, satisfaction, and value have a positive effect on loyalty. Conversely, the brand image has no positive effect on Maxx Coffee customers’ loyalty. The contribution of this study is providing input to the management of Maxx Coffee to concern and maintain their trust, satisfaction, value, and brand image of Maxx Coffee to maintain the customers’ loyalty.
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