Inspired by the mechanism of visual attentional selection, a color feature selection unit consisting of photoreceptors and an attentional selection circuit (ASC) is presented. The detection and wavelength recognition of trichromatic light are accomplished by the photoreceptors with RGB filters. The ASC, fabricated in a standard CMOS technology, activates the competition among photoreceptors to select the principal colorcomponent feature defined as the attentional focus. The number of focuses and resolution can be changed with a top-down stimulus. Electrical test results show that the ASC can select and interpret the most important color-component feature. In optical tests, the ASC chip-based unit can extract the principal colorcomponent of single-color and dual-color light in real-time to complete color recognition. The percentage ratio between the intensity of stray light relative to the light with maximum intensity is up to 93.58%. And the maximum achievable recognition frame rate is 1 kHz, which is more than one order of magnitude higher than the frequency of the biological vision systems. Besides, the unit's outputs can be transformed into binary codes as labels for color recognition, and the color recognition process does not require the participation of ADC, CPU, and memory, consequently avoiding the von Neumann bottleneck.
Inspired by the mechanism of visual attentional selection, a wireless optical communication (WOC) Integrated receiver consisting of a vertical double junction photodetector (VDJ-PD) and an attentional selection circuit (ASC) is presented. The whole receiver is fabricated in standard CMOS technology. The VDJ-PD can realize optical signal detection and wavelength identification. The attentional selection circuit activates the competition among the two PN junctions in VDJ-PD to select the signal with significant feature in real-time while discarding non-significant signals. A higher-order signal modulation scheme is applied by the proposed receiver to obtain a high transfer rate, and all data are decoded using color features. The optical testing results show that parallel and real-time communication of the red and blue light can be achieved, and the rise time is 4.47 μs. To measure the anti-interference performance of the receiver, a water tank is used to simulate a harsh communication environment. Results indicate that the real-time and reliable communication requirements in a harsh channel condition are satisfied. When the percentage ratio between the intensity of stray light relative to the light with maximum intensity is 84%, an accurate information decoding can still be achieved. Moreover, the whole processing procedure does not require the participation of ADC, CPU and memory, consequently avoiding the von Neumann bottleneck.
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