Introduction: Depression and anxiety are common among people with rosacea. However, the exact magnitude of the prevalence rate and odds ratios (ORs) for depression and anxiety, respectively, in rosacea patients is unclear, and no systematic review or meta-analysis of published data has yet been performed. We therefore performed as systematic review and metaanalysis to determine the prevalence rates and ORs for depression and anxiety in rosacea patients.Methods: We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase and Medline databases for all observational studies published up to October 2020 that reported the prevalence rates and ORs for depression and anxiety in patients with rosacea. The primary outcome measures were prevalence rates and ORs for depression and anxiety in patients with rosacea. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the I 2 statistic. Sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results: A total of 14 studies involving 14,134,021 patients with rosacea were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression was 19.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.0-24.3%) and that of anxiety was 15.6% (95% CI 11.8-19.3%). The prevalence of depression and anxiety was significantly lower in studies using clinical criteria to diagnose depression and anxiety (9.2 and 10.2%, respectively) than in those studies using screening tools (26.2% [P \ 0.01] and 22.7% [P = 0.03], respectively). The methodological quality of the included studies greatly contributed to the heterogeneity. Patients with rosacea were more likely to experience depression (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.79-2.72) and anxiety (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.56-3.44) than healthy controls. Conclusions: This systematic review and metaanalysis indicates that patients with rosacea are at a higher risk of experiencing depression and anxiety. More efforts are warranted to recognize R. Dai and BJ. Lin contributed equally to this study.

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Human immunoglobulin G (IgG), especially autoantibodies, has major implications for the diagnosis and management of a wide range of autoimmune diseases. However, some healthy individuals also have autoantibodies, while a portion of patients with autoimmune diseases test negative for serologic autoantibodies. Recent advances in glycomics have shown that IgG Fc N -glycosylations are more reliable diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers than total IgG autoantibodies in a wide variety of autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, these N -glycosylations of IgG Fc, particularly sialylation, have been reported to exert significant anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating inhibitory FcγRIIb on effector macrophages and reducing the affinity of IgG for either complement protein or activating Fc gamma receptors. Therefore, sialylated IgG is a potential therapeutic strategy for attenuating pathogenic autoimmunity. IgG sialylation-based therapies for autoimmune diseases generated through genetic, metabolic or chemoenzymatic modifications have made some advances in both preclinical studies and clinical trials.

Abstract5‐Aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) is one of the most widely used prodrug in clinical photodynamic therapy of dermatological diseases and cancers; yet, its clinical application is still limited by the shallow skin penetration and unsatisfied stability in any existed formulations. Here, 5‐ALA‐loaded hyaluronic acid dissolving microneedles (5‐ALA@HAMNs) are prepared for photodynamic therapy of superficial tumors. The HAMNs can not only assist the loaded 5‐ALA to effectively penetrate the stratum corneum but also provide 5‐ALA with an acidic and oxygen‐free environment to reduce the dimerization of 5‐ALA molecules via Schiff‐base bonds and formation of inactive pyrazine derivatives, thus maintaining its chemical structure and biological activity. The chemical stability of 5‐ALA in HAMNs is confirmed by UV–vis spectra and mass spectra measurements. The 5‐ALA@HAMNs display remarkable tumor elimination both in vitro and in vivo, even after storage at room temperature for nine months, making it a highly potential device for effective delivery of 5‐ALA in cancer photodynamic therapy.