Conjugated Microporous Polymer (CMP) networks are an emerging class of porous organic material composed with pre-designed functional structures and tailored components. CMP have shown promising perspectives in energy harnessing, conversion...
The electron transport layer (ETL) is very crucial for enhancing the device performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Meanwhile, thickness-insensitive and environment-friendly water/alcohol soluble processing are two essential requirements for large-scale roll-to-roll commercial application. Based on this, we designed and synthesized two new n-type ETLs with tetraethylene pentamine or butyl sulfonate sodium substituted tetraethylene pentamine as the branched side chains and high electron affinities perylene diimide (PDI) as the central core, named as PDIPN and PDIPNSO3Na. Encouragingly, both PDIPN and PDIPNSO3Na can effectively reduce the interfacial barrier and improve the interfacial contact. In addition, both of them can exhibit strong n-type self-doping effects, especially the PDIPN with higher density of negative charge. Consequently, compared to bare ITO, the PCE of the devices with ITO/PDIPN and ITO/PDIPNSO3Na ETLs has increased to 3–4 times. Our research results indicate that n-type self-doping PDI-based ETL PDIPN and PDIPNSO3Na could be promising candidates for ETL in environment-friendly water/alcohol soluble processing large-scale PSCs.
Hydrogen
(H2) is an environment-friendly clean energy.
In recent years, novel hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts have attracted
extensive attention in the scientific community. In this work, the
conversion of 2H phase tungsten selenide (2H-WSe2) into
1T phase tungsten selenide (1T-WSe2) was induced by 1 MeV
electron irradiation to improve its electrocatalytic performance.
When the irradiation fluence is 5 × 1014 e/cm2, the minimum initial overpotential of WSe2 is
101 mV lower than the initial overpotential of WSe2 without
irradiation. This method has the characteristics for a simple process
and mass production. At the same time, the atomic structure of WSe2 was characterized and the 1T properties of WSe2 were confirmed. The experimental results show that 1 MeV electron
irradiates WSe2 to produce Se vacancies on the base surface
to form 1T-WSe2, which is the main reason for improving
its performance. This effective and feasible electron irradiation
method provides a new strategy for the controllable acquisition of
1T-WSe2 and a new method for other similar materials to
introduce the ideal 1T phase.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.