Catalytic
base-free oxidation of biomass-derived glycerol represents
a promising approach for the value-added utilization of glycerol.
However, the commonly used Pt/carbon nanotubes (Pt/CNT) catalysts
suffer from the severe deactivation, because of the strong adsorption
of glyceric acid (GLYA), resulting in the serious Pt-surface poisoning
and their consequent poor activity with low selectivity toward GLYA.
Here, we demonstrate that integrating CeO2 with Pt/CNT
could effectively alleviate the catalyst deactivation, delivering
high activity and selectivity to produce GLYA. The valence band analysis
and kinetic experiments suggest that the Pt-CeO2/CNT ternary
interface would weaken the GLYA adsorption on Pt and lower the energy
barrier for glycerol oxidation. Moreover, via the generated OH* from
H2O dissociation, CeO2 can promote the oxidation
of primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol, leading to a high selectivity
of GLYA.
Liquid-crystalline, monosubstituted acetylenes containing terphenyl pendent group with varying spacer lengths [HCC(CH2)
n
O-terphenyl-CN, AnCN, n = 1, 6] and its polymers PAnCN were synthesized. Also, the effects of the structural variation on their properties, especially their mesomorphism, UV and photoluminescence behaviors, were studied. The monomers are prepared by simple Suzuki coupling reactions. High yields and high trans-content of polyacetylenes were obtained by polymerization using [Rh(nbd)Cl]2 catalyst. The polymer with long spacers (hexamethylene), that is, PA6CN, formed a nematic mesophase when heated and cooled, however the polymer with short spacers (methylene), that is, PA1CN, could not exhibit liquid crystallinity at elevated temperatures. Upon photoexcitation by keep the constant photons of excitation, PA1CN emits ultraviolet emission (λmax ∼ 311 nm) but PA6CN gives a stronger emission (λmax∼308 nm), indicating that the emission intensity increases with the spacer length due to orientation of main chain by alignment of mesogenic pendant. Short spacer between polyacetylene and mesogens hindered alignment of the main chain, consequently lower fluorescence emission, and loss mesophase of the polymer was induced by short spacer due to disturbance of rigid main chain.
The ternary blending strategy of introducing a third component into the binary organic solar cells (BOSCs) is a feasible and efficient strategy to optimize the performance of BOSCs. Ternary organic...
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