This paper presents an extended behavioral model for the modeling of microwave amplifiers, namely harmonics dynamic -parameters. This model aims at providing a powerful analysis capability for the prediction of fundamental and harmonic large-signal responses with long-term memory effects for the power amplifier. Several major problems faced by current commercial nonlinear vector network analyzers have yet to be addressed, such as external stimulation in pulsed envelope domain measurement and synchronization. Therefore, an unlimited and alternative method for the extraction of harmonics dynamic -parameters is also introduced in this paper. In the extraction procedure, the modulated RF step signal shows significant advantages in revealing the relationship between the past inputs and the current output. However, attempts to validate the effectiveness of this model have been limited by both the hardware and software requirements. First, the advanced phase reference is not open to the public and is only available in the manufacturer's internal R&D laboratory; it is required for the phase calibration procedure of the narrow tone spacing. Second, the two-tone signal experiment is not suitable for the validation of the output prediction of harmonics. Therefore, a novel validation method that utilizes the narrow step signal as stimulus signal was carried out on a Mini-Circuits amplifier. An excellent agreement between the measurements-based behavioral model and the measured output is achieved, with a maximum error less than 5%.
A novel experimental validation method for the modeling of amplifier with long-term memory effects of dynamic X-parameters is proposed in this paper. The basic idea of this method is by applying the narrow step signal as stimulus signal to replace the classical two-tone measurements. The comparison results between the measured and the measurement-based model have a perfect agreement, and it proves the validity of theory.Index Terms -Behavioral model, Dynamic X-parameters, long-term memory effects, narrow step signal.
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