This study proposes a process model to probe the linkage between stakeholder integration (SI), corporate sustainability practices (CSPs), and sustainability performance and examines supplier and customer demands' effects on the linkage between CSPs and financial performance (FP) via environmental (EP) and social performances (SP). Data from 225 hotels near World Cultural Heritage Sites in East China were utilized for hypothesis testing. Partial least squares structural equation modeling analyzes the data. Following results are revealed: (a) SI favors CSPs, and CSPs favor EP, but SP hinders FP; (b) EP and SP support FP; and (c) supplier demand positively moderates CSPs' effect on SP, whereas customer demand positively moderates EPs' effects on FP.
PurposeThis study develops a sequential process model to address how to improve firm performance by responding to external stakeholder pressures in service contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe model posits that external stakeholder pressures affect firm performance through organizational learning, green creativity and environmental performance. Data from 219 service firms are utilized to test the hypotheses. A sequential mediation approach is adopted to analyze the model.FindingsResults reveal (1) organizational learning mediates the effects of government, customer and supplier pressures on firm performance, (2) environmental performance mediates the effect of customer pressure on firm performance, (3) organizational learning and green creativity serially mediate the effects of the three stakeholder pressures on firm performance and (4) the three external stakeholder pressures enhance firm performance through organizational learning, green creativity and environmental performance in a sequential manner.Originality/valueThis study originally contributes to the service literature by providing a sequential process lens to address how to improve performance by responding to external stakeholder pressures.
The Yellow River delta is the Lord area of national high efficient ecological-economic region and Shandong peninsula blue economic region, and it has an important strategic status. This paper integrates variable fuzzy set theory with geographic information technology (GIS) to construct the vulnerability evaluation model of Yellow River delta water resources. First, The study area is partitioned into different evaluation zones (sub-area) based on the spatial recognition technology of GIS; Second, the evaluation index system is formulated in terms of the two aspects of water resources vulnerability, natural and human factors; Finally, city of Dongying is selected as study area, which accounts for 93% of the Yellow River delta, to verify the proposed model. The results indicate that the water resources vulnerability of the Yellow River delta greatly changes in space, the region of coastal, Xiaoqing river and Zhimai river shows high vulnerability, while the region along the Yellow River has low vulnerability. In conclusion, the proposed model can effectively identify water resource vulnerability in space.
Water resources vulnerability evaluation has important significance to guide the water resources management and water ecological environment protection. This paper builds the water resources vulnerability evaluation index system from three aspects of natural, human and bearing capacity and integrates matter-element theory with entropy weight to construct the matter-element extension evaluation model of water resources vulnerability. The area of Shandong Province is selected for study, and the proposed model and evaluation index system are applied to respectively evaluates the water resources vulnerability of each city, the results show that the proposed model has a efficient performance, and water resources vulnerability evaluated is higher in whole study area and varies significantly in space, moreover, the northwestern cities are higher, on the contrary, the southeastern cities are lower.
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