The Yellow River delta is the Lord area of national high efficient ecological-economic region and Shandong peninsula blue economic region, and it has an important strategic status. This paper integrates variable fuzzy set theory with geographic information technology (GIS) to construct the vulnerability evaluation model of Yellow River delta water resources. First, The study area is partitioned into different evaluation zones (sub-area) based on the spatial recognition technology of GIS; Second, the evaluation index system is formulated in terms of the two aspects of water resources vulnerability, natural and human factors; Finally, city of Dongying is selected as study area, which accounts for 93% of the Yellow River delta, to verify the proposed model. The results indicate that the water resources vulnerability of the Yellow River delta greatly changes in space, the region of coastal, Xiaoqing river and Zhimai river shows high vulnerability, while the region along the Yellow River has low vulnerability. In conclusion, the proposed model can effectively identify water resource vulnerability in space.
Agricultural irrigation water utilization has a great influence on the natural water cycle process, especially in paddy irrigation district. In this study, an improved SWAT model is proposed to quantify the irrigation impact on water cycle in paddy fields with indexes of irrigation water demand and the irrigation return flow coefficient. The proposed SWAT model extracts irrigation water from a multi-water source module and applies water mass balance model to calculate flow process in paddy field, meanwhile a new algorithm of automatic irrigation application is also implemented due to the lack of long term observed irrigation data. Changge Irrigation District in Numin River Basin, China is selected as study case to simulate irrigation hydrologic water cycle. The result shows that the proposed SWAT has higher precision during calibration and validation periods, the developed model has been improved as compared to the original model.
Due to the influences of climate change and human activities, the water and sediment flux of the Yellow River are certainly changing. This paper selects monthly time series of runoff and sediment flux from 1950 to 2009 for study at Lijin station, in lower Yellow River. A widely used identification method, wavelet analysis, is applied for recognizing changing point and cycle of the runoff and sediment respectively in multi-scale of annual, flood season and non-flood season. The results indicate that there are two significant changing points in 1985, 2002 year, and cycle recognized results are different in multi-scale as well as with different hydrology factors.
Water resources vulnerability evaluation has important significance to guide the water resources management and water ecological environment protection. This paper builds the water resources vulnerability evaluation index system from three aspects of natural, human and bearing capacity and integrates matter-element theory with entropy weight to construct the matter-element extension evaluation model of water resources vulnerability. The area of Shandong Province is selected for study, and the proposed model and evaluation index system are applied to respectively evaluates the water resources vulnerability of each city, the results show that the proposed model has a efficient performance, and water resources vulnerability evaluated is higher in whole study area and varies significantly in space, moreover, the northwestern cities are higher, on the contrary, the southeastern cities are lower.
In order to better protect the karst groundwater resources of Feicheng Basin, paper evaluated the groundwater pollution disaster based on the groundwater pollution investigation of the study area. Results show that the high pollution disaster areas are mainly distributed in plain area of Feicheng Basin, the moderate pollution disaster areas are mainly distributed in the downtown of Feicheng City and Wangguadian Town, the rest of the area are the low pollution disaster area.
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