Данные эпидемиологических исследований свидетельствуют, что питание (качество пищи, соблюдение принципов рационального питания) является важнейшим фактором, определяющим здоровье человека, устойчивость к неблагоприятным факторам окружающей сре-ды. В настоящее время вегетарианство распространено во многих странах мира. По данным Росстата, численность приверженцев вегетарианского типа питания среди российского населения незначительна-около 0,3%. Результаты опроса, проведенного в Канаде в 2002 г., показали, что 4% взрослых придерживаются вегетарианского питания, в Соединенных Штатах вегетарианцами являются
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by a relapsing and remitting course. Aim - to analyze clinical data and the most significant hematological and biochemical blood parameters used for diagnosis in patients with ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods. Between 2020 and 2021 examined 50 patients with the diagnosis "Ulcerative colitis" living in the Samara region. The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was confirmed by a combination of clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and histopathological criteria generally accepted for inflammatory bowel diseases. A hematological blood test was performed on an automatic hematological analyzer Sysmex KX-21N, Japan, and a biochemical blood test was performed on an automatic biochemical analyzer Hitachi 902, Japan. Results. In the biochemical analysis of blood, an increase in the content of C-reactive protein in the blood is expected in 64% of patients. In 40% of patients, the concentration of total protein and electrolytes decreases. An increase in glucose levels was revealed in 44% of patients, in 10% of cases, a decrease in creatinine concentration, an increase in the activity of ALAT and ASAT was noted in 6 and 4% of cases, respectively. Reduced urea levels are noted in 6% of patients. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the data necessary for the diagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of the treatment of ulcerative colitis were obtained.
Background: People living in the vicinity of large industrial enterprises are known to be exposed to adverse anthropogenic fac tors. Ambient air pollution is one of the main health risks for the population residing in the areas of oil refining and petrochemical industries. In the study district of the city of Samara, the priority air contaminants, principally emitted by motor vehicles and industrial premises, include sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, and benzene. Objective: To assess health risks for the population heavily exposed to airborne chemicals in the city of Samara. Methods: The study was conducted in 2018–2020 in the Kuybyshevsky district of Samara, Russian Federation. Its first stage included hazard identification, i.e. detection of potentially adverse factors, ranking of priority air pollutants having both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects and subject to subsequent risk characterization, and the analysis of xenobiotic con centrations in 7,568 ambient air samples. The next stage included population health risk assessment, the results of which were summarized to group the levels of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks by pollutants, routes and pathways of exposure, and target organs. Results: We established that the total carcinogenic risk for the population of the industrial district lay within the second rangeof reference limits and was mainly attributed to inhalation exposure to hexavalent chromium and benzene. The total non-car cinogenic hazard index in the community was < 3 for the group of priority pollutants consisting of sulfur oxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, and benzene emitted by local oil refineries and petrochemical plants. Conclusions: We obtained permissible risk values for all ambient air contaminants of the industrial district of Samara taken separately. In view of multiplicity of airborne pollutants, however, it is expedient to consider health risks from their combined exposure.
Концепция современного высшего образования нацелена на модернизацию и цифровизацию. Информационные технологии охватили весь спектр жизнедеятельности современного человека, в частности они необходимы для становления компетентного врача. Уже с первого года обучения в медицинском вузе необходимо формировать умение использовать ИКТ-технологии в их обучении, например, внедрив в образовательный процесс написание учебных проектов.Ключевые слова: модернизация образования, цифровизация, ИКТ-технологии, проект, образовательный процесс.
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