Tributyltin (TBT) released into seawater from ship hulls is a stable marine pollutant and obviously remains in marine environments. We isolated a TBT resistant marine Pseudoalteromonas sp. TBT1 from sediment of a ship's ballast water. The isolate (10 9.3 ± 0.2 colony-forming units mL -1 ) adsorbed TBT in proportion to the concentrations of TBTCl externally added up to 3 mM, where the number of TBT adsorbed by a single cell was estimated to be 10 8.2 . The value was reduced to about one-fifth when the lysozyme-treated cells were used. The surface of ethanol treated cells became rough, but the capacity of TBT adsorption was the same as that for native cells. These results indicate that the function of the cell surface, rather than that structure, plays an important role to the adsorption of TBT. The adsorption state of TBT seems to be multi-layer when the number of more than 10 6.8 TBT molecules is adsorbed by a single cell.
A twin system for hydrogen absorption experiments has been constructed to replicate the phenomenon of heat and The sample charged with D 2 also showed significantly positive output energy in the second phase after the deuteride formation.
Introduction
Medial clavicle fractures are rare injuries. Symptomatic nonunion arises up to 8% of medial clavicle fractures when treated conservatively.
Presentation of case
A 53-year-old man sustained a left medial clavicle fracture and was treated conservatively at another hospital. Nine months after his initial injury, he was referred to our institution. We diagnosed pseudarthrosis of the medial clavicle. We performed open reduction and internal fixation using an inverted distal clavicle locking plate. At the 1-year follow-up, radiographs showed bone union.
Discussion
This is the first reported case of medial clavicle pseudarthrosis treated with an inverted distal clavicle anatomical locking plate. There are several advantages in using this plate.
Conclusion
This method is a good treatment option.
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