The article presents the results of the studying the content of some vitamins in blood serum of cows with different types of higher nervous activity depending on the season. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the typological features of the nervous system on the content of separate vitamins in blood serum of cows depending on the season. The experiment was carried out on the basis of the farm «Kolos» village Borodianka, Kyiv region on clinically healthy cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed of 2–3rd lactation. On the basis of the investigation the conditioned reflex activity, 4 experimental groups of animals were formed with 4 most typical representatives of the identified types of higher nervous activity in each: 1st group – strong balanced mobile type, 2nd group – strong balanced inert type, 3rd group – strong unbalanced type, 4th group – weak type. The research material was blood serum, in which the content of vitamins A, E and C was determined by express method via liquid chromatography. The conducted investigation of ascorbic acid, retinol and tocopherol content in blood serum of cows with different types of higher nervous activity in winter and summer periods shown that its content is significantly dependent on the season. In particular, the content of ascorbic acid in blood serum of cows with different types of higher nervous activity in the winter season was lower by 22–27% in compare with its meaning in the summer season. It should be noted that the largest difference in content of vitamin C in blood serum depending on the season was found in animals of strong balanced inert and weak types of higher nervous activity (by 27.4%, P < 0.001 and 24.0%, P < 0.001 respectively). While in animals of strong balanced mobile and strong unbalanced types of higher nervous activity the content of vitamin C in blood serum was lower by 23.2% (P < 0.001) and 21.7% (P < 0.001), respectively. The content of fat-soluble vitamins in blood serum of cows with different types of higher nervous activity is also largely dependent on the season. Thus, the content of tocopherol was lower in the winter season by 35.8–41.6% (P < 0.001) depending on the type of higher nervous activity. And the retinol content was lower by 49.2–55.3% (P FU=3.0; P FU = 3.0; P < 0.05. However, the main properties of cortical processes did not have a significant influence on the content of retinol in blood serum – F = 2.8 < FU = 3.0; P = 0.06. The season has a significant influence on the content of the above mentioned vitamins – F = 126–348 > FU = 4.3; P < 0.001, which is obviously due to the level of supply the animal’s body with vitamins during different seasons. It should be noted that there is no relationship between the sources of variation (type of higher nervous activity and season), which obviously testifies to the absence of influence of the seasons on the main features of cortical processes (F = 0.37–1.64 < FU = 3.0; P = 0.208–0.775). Thus, the influence of the main features of cortical processes on the content of ascorbic acid, retinol and tocopherol in blood serum of cows is found. In animals of weak type of higher nervous activity the vitamin content in blood serum is lower than in animals of strong types. The lower content of ascorbic acid, retinol and tocopherol in blood serum of cows in the winter season, regardless the type of higher nervous activity, has been established.
Cortical mechanisms of regulation of the content of TBC-active products in the cow’s organism depending on the season are given in the article. Experiments were carried out on cows of Ukrainian black-and-rumped breed of second-third lactation of different types of higher nervous activity. It is established that in cows with a weak type of higher nervous activity, the content of TBA-active products in blood plasma is higher than in strong cows. Thus, in the summer, this indicator in animals of the weak type of higher nervous activity was higher by 18.0% (P < 0.01) in accordance with the indicators of animals of a strong, balanced, mobile type of higher nervous activity. At the same time, in winter, the content of TBA-active products in the plasma of blood of animals of the weak type of higher nervous activity is greater by 13.0% compared to the indicators of strong, balanced, mobile type cows. The effect of cortical processes on the content of TBA-active products in the summer is – ɳ2х = 0.28 (P < 0.05), but in winter it decreases to an average of ɳ2х = 0.17. The equilibrium of the cortical processes significantly influenced the TBA- active products content, both in the summer and in winter, è2x2 = 0.24–0.30 (P < 0.05). The mobility of cortical processes does not have a significant effect on the content of TBK-active products. Reliable influence of the type of higher nervous activity (F = 3.86 > FU = 3.01; p = 0.02) on the content of TBC-active products in the blood plasma of cows was established. Then, as the season does not limit the content of TBA-active products in the blood plasma of cows (F = 2.18 <FU = 4.26; p = 0.15). It is proved that the time of year does not affect the main characteristics of cortical processes (F = 0.09 < FU = 3.0; p = 0.96). But only the effect of cortical processes in summer directly correlates with the content of TBA-active products in the blood plasma of cows (r = -0.67; P < 0,05). Thus, the influence of the type of higher nervous activity on the content of TBA-active products in the plasma of cows in different seasons is established. In animals with a weak type of higher nervous activity, a higher content of TBA-active products in plasma was detected.
Ветеринарна медицина, якість і безпека продукції тваринництва Сисюк Ю. О.
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