Acute liver injury caused by PHMG-hydrochloride or PHMG in combination with either ethanol or diethyl phthalate can be characterized as cholestatic hepatitis with a severe inflammatory component causing high mortality.
The article presents the analysis of domestic and foreign literature on toxic effects of ethanol in children, statistics and the results of forensic investigations of children with the presence of ethanol in blood, forensic chemical and chemical toxicological studies of biological fluids taken from children and adolescents aged from 0 to 17 years and examined in the Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise of the Moscow Region in 2003 – 2017, as well as clinical and statistical analysis of cases of ethanol poisoning in adolescents hospitalized in the toxicological department of intensive care of Moscow City Clinical Hospital № 5 in 2012 – 2015.
Cases of thallium poisonings are regularly reported in media. In the present work, the world experience in diagnostics and treatment of victims with thallium poisoning has been compiled and summarized, search for clinical guidelines for the diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of patients has been carried out. The toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, as well as pathophysiological mechanisms of thallium influence on the body are described in detail. Toxic and lethal concentrations of poison in biological media, as well as its tropicity to various tissues and body systems were determined. The clinical picture depending on the timing of poisoning and the dose of poison is described in detail. Difficulties of the differential diagnosis are defined. The most interesting cases of criminal and household poisonings with various terms of establishment of the diagnosis, doses of poisoning and outcomes are presented.
The creation of an emergency clinical toxicology service in our country led to the need to train clinical toxicologists and to create a specialized Department for this purpose, which was opened in 1985 at the Central Institute of Advanced Medical Training. The staff of the Department carried out a lot of methodological, educational and scientific work, which allowed to achieve a high level of teaching. Successful activity of the Department was promoted by: work on the clinical basis of a multidisciplinary research medical institution – N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; admission to the Institute a large number of patients with various intoxications ensuring thematic completeness of teaching; the unity of command in the leadership of the Toxicological Department of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine and the Department of Clinical Toxicology of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education in the person of E.A. Luzhnikov, who used his experience in scientific, practical and teaching activities of the Department; due to the existence of the scientific school of academician E.A. Luzhnikov – the development of new technologies for screening, treatment and rehabilitation of acute poisonings; the use of modern teaching methods, including field cycles and distance learning technologies; close interaction with scientific societies, contributing to a significant expansion of the possibilities of new teaching methods.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.