The article presents results of researches on manual arc welding efficiency development. It is proved that the arc welding inverter power source, compared with the diode rectifier, increases coefficient of transition of alloying elements into the weld joint; it also reduces the rate of alloying elements transition into slag and gaseous components and in addition reduces the harmful effects of welding on human organisms.
In the paper the authors provide the method for calculating the heat content of the molten electrode metal droplets according to the energy parameters of the power supplies for manual metal arc welding. It was established that the type of the welding power supply has a significant impact upon the temperature, mass and active surface area of the electrode droplets.
A set of various factors and phenomena defines the quality of welded joints. This is especially noticeable for outdoor welding. A numerical simulation of welding processes with consumable electrode with traditional and two-jet gas shielding was carried out to study the influence of wind speed on the movement of the shielding gas (CO2) and the change of thermal processes in the heat affected zone. It is established that the use of two-jet shielding in welding with a consumable electrode leads to an increase in hardness of the shielding gas stream and lower offset of thermal fields in the welded product in the wind direction. It testifies to a better quality of shielding and smaller probable changes in symmetry of structure formation and mechanical properties of the heat affected zone.
The paper provides the results of experimental study of how the technological characteristics (amount of spatter, stability of the welding process) of manual metal arc welding (MMA) depend upon power supplies providing various kinds of energetic impact upon the electrode metal (inverter power supply, diode rectifier). It was established that inverter power supplies (as they reduce peak loading) provide better quality of welds (more stable process, lower amount of spatter) and this reduces the fabrication cost due to the reduction of deseaming operations, lower welding material consumption as well as improving the service reliability of the welding constructions.
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