s:Snow and ice control is important for expressway transportation in winter. The use of snow-melting agents is one of the indispensable measures to fight against snow and ice. Opening traffic as soon as possible and ensuring traffic safety for expressways require removing ice and snow on the pavement effectively and quickly. First of all, thematerial selection,spreading quantity must be considered in the use of snow-melting agents. How to use snow-melting agents scientifically is discussed in the paper.
Based on the practice of fight against snow and ice covered on the highway in Liaoning Province which lies in the northeast of china, the research results on the impacts of the highway snow-meting agents on the greening vegetation are shown. Then suggestions to reduce the bad impacts are put forward to provide reference for using scientifically snow-melting agents and protecting environment in the paper.
This paper shows a method to develop a new non-chloride snow-melting agent to fight against snow and ice covered on the road in winter by recycling and reusing byproducts of nylon industry to make full use of waste and reduce environment. The agent doesn’t have Cl-and is friendly to environment. Furthermore, the snow-melting agent performances are evaluated. The results show that the CM-DBA is better than CMA on many aspects and better than chlorides except on melting snow and ice performance.
As natural backwater structures, landslide dams both threaten downstream human settlement or infrastructure and contain abundant hydro-energy and tourism resources, so research on their development feasibility is of great significance for permanently remedying them and effectively turning disasters into benefits. Through an analysis of the factors influencing landslide dam development and utilization, an index system (consisting of target, rule, and index layers) for evaluating development feasibility was constructed in this paper. Considering uncertainty and randomness in development feasibility evaluation, a cloud model-improved evaluation method was proposed to determine membership and score clouds based on the uncertainty reasoning of cloud model, and a cloud model-improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP-Cloud Model) was introduced to obtain weights. Final evaluation results were obtained using a hierarchical weighted summary. The improved method was applied to evaluate the Hongshiyan and Tangjiashan landslide dams and the results were compared with the maximum membership principle results. The results showed that the cloud model depicted the fuzziness and uncertainty in the evaluation process. The improved method proposed in this paper overcame the loss of fuzziness in the maximum membership principle evaluation results, and was capable of more directly presenting evaluation results. The development feasibility of the Hongshiyan landslide dam was relatively high, while that of the Tangjiashan landslide dam was relatively low. As suggested by these results, the evaluation model proposed in this paper has great significance for preparing a long-term management scheme for landslide dams.
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