Solutions of the Schr6dinger equation for a many-centre system with sources are investigated. Using such solutions allows the interference effects in many-atom systems to be considered in a convenient way. Methods of constructing lhe solutions are described for the zero potential, mufiktin potential and a potential of an arbitrary form. The generalized many-centre Jost solutions are introduced. An equation for poles of the many-centre S matrix in the complex k plane is obtained within the muffin& approach.
It is shown that in the energy interval from 0 to 2 Ryd phaseshifts for atomic muffin-tin spheres are uniquely determined by energies and mean radii of valent states or energies and lifetimes of resonant states of the corresponding atoms. A scheme for the construction of atomic phaseshifts and the determination of energies and mean radii of bound states of separate atoms by using experimental information on collective shape resonances of many-atom systems is proposed.
A scheme of the inverse problem solution based on the S-matrix pole analysis is proposed. The system of square-well potentials as a model simulating many-atom systems is used. The scheme is tested by the determination of the interatomic distance of the N2 molecule and the valence angle of the SO2 molecule.
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