The impact of unfavorable factors of aviation flight causes a significant strain in the flight crew of the functional state of the body, including various parts of the immune system. To date, research on the problems of interaction between different parts of the immune system in flight personnel in the process of professional adaptation is practically absent. In this regard, a study was conducted of immunological reactivity according to calculated data from 100 pilots of fighter aircraft and 102 pilots of other types of aircraft. The data obtained indicate significant dissociation of the flight composition in the immune system and changes in its reactivity. Studies of immunological reactivity in terms of integral leukocyte indices seem promising and, in combination with other methods of clinical and functional diagnostics, will expand the possibilities of assessing the overall functional status of pilots in the process of medical examination.
The paper discusses pilots' injuries following ejection. Structure and character of injuries in the time interval between 2010 and 2020 were essentially identical to those documented previously between 2003 and 2010. There is an upward trend in the rate of severe arm injuries; on the opposite, the rate of leg injuries tends to decrease. Also, there is some difference in the causes for injury. Occurrence of injuries due to issues with the survival equipment increased in 2.4 times, and the adverse effect of air counter-flow that was not the case earlier. On the contrary, injuries following parachuting decreased in 4.7 times. A new cause of severe traumas is an arm-restraint system of the ejection seat.
Investigation with participation of the first- to fourth-year female students of the flight school in Krasnodar had the purpose to ascertain that sizes of the present pilot gear fit modern types of the female body. It was found out that sizes of many female students are below minimal ranges of the pilot gear fit. The quantity of these female students varies from 11 % (anti-g suits) to 100 % (O2 masks). The group of female students was actually representative of the women of the same age in this country. We conclude that the existing misses' sizes do not fit the anthropometric parameters of female candidates for flight training. To sum up, there is need to revise the size ranges of the flight gear with consideration of modern types of the female body.
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