Mortality of the population due to diseases of the cardiovascular system is the most acute problem in Russia. According to the World Health Organization, the standardized death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation remains one of the highest in Europe. This review presents statistical data on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation and analyzes the delivery of medical care to patients with these diseases in 2017. Information about activity of primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers is given. The article suggests a set of measures aimed at improvement of the provision of medical care to patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Abdominal obesity (AO) is a predictor of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type 2. The assessment of the disease prevalence and the study of socioeconomic status of people with this phenotype of obesity are necessary to develop effective mechanisms to combat this risk factor in the population. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of AO in the population and to assess the association with socioeconomic factors according to the data of the ESSE-RF study (Epidemiology of Cardiovascular diseases in the Regions of the Russian Federation). Materials and methods. The object of the study is a random population sample of men and women aged 25-64 years from 13 regions of the Russian Federation (n=21 817). Abdominal obesity in men was defined as waist circumference (WC) >94 cm, and in women - WC >80 cm. Body mass index (BMI) >30.0 kg/m2 was adopted as the criterion of common obesity. Results and discussion. The prevalence of AO in Russia was 55% (61.8% in women and 44% in men), while the percent of people with obesity, defined by BMI was significantly lower (33.4%). The number of examined patients with AO increased with age among both men and women (p
In recent decades cardiovascular (CVD) and COPD diseases are widespread around the world, leading to a high prevalence of patients with comorbidity, especially arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and/or bronchial asthma (BA). The growing number of patients with this comorbidity is due to increased hypertension, COPD, and asthma comorbidities, with the increase of the geriatric population of patients with these pathologies. Epidemiological studies have shown that the deterioration of lung function is as strong a predictor of cardiovascular mortality, as well as major cardiovascular risk factors. However, spirometry in patients with CVD is carried out infrequently. Inadequate spirometric diagnostics of COPD and asthma, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease, affects the clinical course of both diseases, leading to inappropriate treatment and poor prognosis for the patient. The need for extensive screening spirometry in all patients with CVD is not proven. Thera are no spirometry reference values in patients with CVD, which makes it almost impossible to use these parameters in stratification of CV risk. This dictates the need for further research to clarify the relationship between the severity and characteristics of the various CVD and spirometric parameters.
BACKGROUND: Adherence to drug therapy in patients with coronary artery disease is quite low nowadays, both in patients with myocardial infarction and in patients with chronic forms of coronary artery disease.
AIMS: of our work was to assess adherence to drug therapy (aspirin and statins) and control of risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary stenting 12 months after endovascular treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 279 patients, of whom 3 groups were formed. Patients of group 1 (n=96) personally visited the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, adherence to the prescribed therapy and its effectiveness were assessed during the examination by a cardiologist, and if necessary, it was corrected. Patients of group 2 (n=95) contacted the study coordinator remotely. Patients of group 3 (n=88) were monitored by a general practitioner and visited a cardiologist at the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology according to the decision of the general practitioner.
RESULTS: At baseline, adherence to therapy in all groups was low and did not differ significantly between groups. 12 months after stenting, groups 1 and 2 showed a significant increase in the number of highly adherent individuals (from 17 to 33 and from 13 to 42, respectively, p 0.05), as well as a significant decrease in the number of individuals with low adherence to treatment (from 63 to 42 and from 67 to 36, respectively, p 0.05). The adherence to antiplatelet drugs was higher than to statins: 57.9% of people reduced the dose or stopped taking statins. After the follow-up time, there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure in groups 1 and 2 and a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure in group 2. In group 2, a significant decrease in the number of smokers was noted: from 46.3 to 31.6% of the total number of patients in the group (p 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Active monitoring of patients by a cardiologist both during the visit and remotely contributes to an increase in adherence to drug therapy and improves control of risk factors for coronary artery disease.
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