No abstract

Adhesion of the concrete is important in the production of large concrete components, since this largely determines the quality of the product: the surface finish, the external form, and often the integrity of the component.Various lubricants are used to reduce adhesion. One of these is a dispersed system (DS) made by mixing Fig. 1. Technological scheme for the experimental wave equipment: 1, 18) receiving vessels; 2, 3, 7, 9, 19-25) ball valves; 4) pump; 5) wave generator; 6) working chamber; 8) skimmer; 10) electric pump; 11) frequency converter; 12, 13) manometers; 14) pressure sensor; 15) frequency amplifier; 16) oscilloscope; 17) oscillation damper.

No abstract

No abstract

It is shown to be possible to make a finely dispersed stable emulsion from liquids differing in nature and polarity by the use of the wave technology. The dispersion of the emulsions made by the wave method is higher by an order of magnitude than that of emulsions made by the traditional technology with a mechanical stirrer (up to 1000 min -1 ) with the same treatment time. When such emulsions are used as lubricating and cooling liquids, the cutting speed can be increased and the finish of the workpiece is improved.Studies have been made with an equipment with a throughput of 1300 liter/h to develop wave technology for making finely divided and stable water-oil emulsions as used for lubricating and cooling liquids in metal cutting, where the basic element is a wave generator as devised at this center [1,2]. The results are compared with data obtained by the traditional method employing a mechanical stirrer.The emulsion components are liquids differing in polarity and density: water (dispersion medium), which Fig. 1. Block diagram for wave equipment: 1, 3, and 8) ball valves; 2) receiving vessel; 4 and 7) pressure gauges; 5) hydrodynamic generator; 6) working chamber; 9) pressure sensor; 10) pump; 11) electric motor; 12) frequency converter; 13) signal amplifier; 14) oscilloscope.