Reaction of silica, montmorillonite and polystyrene bearing amino functions with several polyhalogenated metalloporphyrins gave an easy one-step access to new supported catalysts, owing to a selective nucleophilic substitution of the para-halogen atoms of the porphyrin meso-aryl groups by the polymer amine function; these catalysts were very active for cyclooctene epoxidation and alkane hydroxylation by PhlO.
Cognitive decline (CD) is a major symptom of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients with MCI have an increased likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although a cure for AD is currently lacking, medication therapies and/or daily training in the early stage can alleviate disease progression and improve patients' quality of life. Accordingly, investigating CD-related biomarkers via brain imaging devices is crucial for early diagnosis. In particular, "portable" brain imaging devices enable frequent diagnostic checks as a routine clinical tool, and therefore increase the possibility of early AD diagnosis. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate functional connectivity (FC) in the prefrontal cortex measured by a portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device during a working memory (WM) task known as the delayed matching to sample (DMTS) task. Differences in prefrontal FC between healthy control (HC) (n = 23) and CD groups (n = 23) were examined. Intra-group analysis (one-sample t-test) revealed significantly greater prefrontal FC, especially left-and inter-hemispheric FC, in the CD group than in the HC. These observations could be due to a compensatory mechanism of the prefrontal cortex caused by hippocampal degeneration. Inter-group analysis (unpaired two-sample t-test) revealed significant intergroup differences in left-and inter-hemispheric FC. These attributes may serve as a novel biomarker for early detection of MCI. In addition, our findings imply that portable fNIRS devices covering the prefrontal cortex may be useful for early diagnosis of MCI.
Tetramethyl-(10/f)-dipyrrin-l-one-9-carboxylic acid and p-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid are reacted separately with (LR,2fi)-cyclohexanediol to form the corresponding diesters (1 and 3, respectively). These diesters exhibit intense bisignate circular dichroism (CD) spectra characteristic of exciton coupling and show a negative exciton chirality: At^-122.5, Atg^+ 95 (1 in CH2C12) and Aeg¡£ -88.5, Aegg? +41.5 (3 in CH2C12). In (CH3)2SO solvent the Cotton effect signs become inverted for the bis(dipyrrinone ester) but remain unchanged for the bis [p-(dimethylamino)benzoate ester].
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