No abstract

lCQ]Ellagic acid with a chemical purity of 98.9% and radiochemical purity of 99.9% was synthesized with an overall yield of 16% (both chemically and radiochemically). Reaction of 14CO2 with lithiated 3.43-trimethoxybenzene and demethylation of the resulting 3.4,5-trimethoxyben~c acid was followed by esterifcation and coupling of methyl gallate into ellagic acid. Two efficient coupling methods were employed: direct aeration and aeration of methyl gallate in the presence of the phenolic oxidase, tyrosinme. The latter method produced the highest yield and purity. This preparation produced [1a]ellagic acid with a specific activity of 20 mCi/mmol. The yields of labeled 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid and ellagic acid based on Bal4COj were 65% and 16%. respectively.

A rapid and reproducible TLC- and HPLC-analysis of root-extracts and preparations of ELEUTHEROCOCCUS SENTICOSUS on the basis of the characteristic lignans and other phenylpropan derivatives has been developed.

To investigate the origins of an organotropic shift toward increasing esophageal carcinogenicity and DNA alkylation caused by beta-trideuteration of the hepatocarcinogen, N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), the single-dose toxicokinetics of NMEA and N-nitrosomethyl(2,2,2-trideuterioethyl)amine (NMEA-d3) has been characterized in 8-week-old male Fischer 344 rats by analysis using high performance liquid chromatography of serial blood samples. An i.v. bolus dose of 0.6 mumol/kg to rats revealed biphasic first order elimination with a terminal half-life of 9.46 +/- 0.69 min for unchanged NMEA and 28.9 +/- 2.4 min for total radioactivity. Extensive conversion to polar metabolites was observed in the chromatograms. The systemic blood clearance and apparent steady-state volume of distribution for unchanged NMEA were 39.9 +/- 4.6 ml/min/kg and 496 +/- 36 ml/kg, respectively. There was negligible plasma protein binding and no detectable NMEA was excreted unchanged in the urine. Larger doses given by gavage indicated a systemic bioavailability of 25 +/- 1%. Similar doses of NMEA-d3 given to other groups of rats revealed no significant differences in any of the toxicokinetic parameters. No N-nitrosomethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine was found as a detectable metabolite of NMEA or NMEA-d3 in any of the blood or urine samples which were analyzed. When considered together, the data suggest that previously observed differences in organ specificity for the carcinogens, NMEA and NMEA-d3, are not due to differences in the total amounts of nitrosamine reaching particular tissues, but may have other localized causes such as differences in the enzymes responsible for metabolism which are present in each tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)