Poly(HEMA-MAA) hydrogel particles were synthesized by redox free-radical polymerization using 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, different concentration of methacrylic acid as monomer, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as crosslinking agent, and APS/TEMED as free-radical initiator. Fourier transform infrared spectrum of poly(HEMA-MAA) hydrogels showed intense absorption peak of carbonyl group at $ 1700 cm À1 due to carboxylic acid groups of MAA, peak at $ 2960 cm À1 due to CH stretching and vinylic peak at 1700 cm À1 independent of MAA concentration. Highest swelling percentage 587% was observed in case of poly(HEMA-MAA) hydrogel synthesized using 30% of MAA while lowest swelling percentage 413% was observed in hydrogel synthesized 10% of MAA at basic pH (8.0). Scanning electron micrograph of copolymeric particles showed the irregular shape of poly(HEMA-MAA) particles with conglomeration with each due to ionization of carboxylic groups. Insulin was radiolabeled using technetium-99m radionuclide and the radiolabeling efficiency was found to be 99%. Poly(HEMA-MAA) hydrogel having 60% of MAA showed the highest insulin loading efficiency of 68% while lowest 37% was observed in case of 10% MAA hydrogel. Insulin release studies showed only 35-65% of insulin was released into the medium from particles at pH 2.5 in 60 min, while insulin release was significantly higher at pH 7.4. Hypoglycemic effect of the 60 and 80 I.U./kg insulin dose loaded in poly(HEMA-MAA) copolymeric particles were carried out in fasted diabetic rats and highest decrease in blood glucose level from 506 mg/dL to 170 mg/dL was observed within first 3 h.
Poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) [poly(HEMA-co-EGDMA)]-based hydrogel devices were synthesized by a free-radical polymerization reaction with 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate as the monomer, different concentrations of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinking agent, and ammonium persulfate/N,N,N 0 ,N 0 -tetra-methyl ethylenediamine as the free-radical initiator. The porosity of the poly(HEMA-co-EGDMA) hydrogels was controlled with water as the porogen. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of poly(HEMA-co-EGDMA) showed absorption bands associated with AC¼ ¼O stretching at 1714 cm À1 , CAOAC stretching vibrations at 1152 cm À1 , and a broad band at 3500-3800 cm À1 corresponding to AOH stretching. Atomic force microscopy studies showed that the hydrogel containing 67% water had pores in the range of 3500-9000 nm, whereas the hydrogel containing 7% water did not show measurable pores. The hydrogel synthe-sized with 1% EGDMA showed 50% thallium-201 release within the first 30 min and about 80% release within 60 min. In vitro insulin-release studies suggested that the hydrogel with 27% water showed sustained release up to 120 min, whereas the hydrogels with 47 and 67% water showed that nearly all of the insulin was released within 60 min. Hydrogel devices synthesized with 27% water and filled with insulin particles showed sustained release for up to 8 days, whereas the hydrogels synthesized with 47 and 67% water released insulin completely within 3 days of administration. Animal studies suggested that the hydrogel devices synthesized with 27% water and filled with insulin-loaded particles (120 IU) were able to control blood glucose levels for up to 5 days after implantation. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 126: [894][895][896][897][898][899][900][901][902][903][904][905] 2012
The effect of different concentrations of 17α-methyl testosterone incorporated diet on growth performance in the fry of
Channa punctatus
and
Cirrhinus mrigala
was evaluated
.
Four different doses of hormone such as 60, 80, 100 and 120 mg/kg in
C. punctatus
and 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/kg in
C. mrigala
were administered through diet for a period of 90 days.
Fifth group on a hormone free diet served as a control. The growth performance in terms of length and weight gain of the fry receiving 100 mg/kg in
C. punctatus
and 60 mg/kg in
C. mrigala
were significantly higher than those receiving 80, 120 and 0 (untreated control) mg hormone per kg feed. The highest specific growth rate (0.864 ± 1.18%WG d
−1
) at 100 mg/Kg diet and (2.47 ± 1.26%WG d
−1
) at 60 mg/kg diet were observed in
C. punctatus
and
C. mrigala
respectively, showing positive influence of hormone incorporated diet on the growth performance. However, the survival rate of both the species remained unaffected by different dosages of 17α-methyl testosterone.
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