The Contour I device provides a safe and effective noninvasive technology for body contouring.

Wastewater treatment processes are believed to be anthropogenic sources of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) and methane (CH(4)). However, few studies have examined the mechanisms and controlling factors in production of these greenhouse gases in complex bacterial systems. To elucidate production and consumption mechanisms of N(2)O and CH(4) in microbial consortia during wastewater treatment and to characterize human waste sources, we measured their concentrations and isotopomer ratios (elemental isotope ratios and site-specific N isotope ratios in asymmetric molecules of NNO) in water and gas samples collected by an advanced treatment system in Tokyo. Although the estimated emissions of N(2)O and CH(4) from the system were found to be lower than those from the typical treatment systems reported before, water in biological reaction tanks was supersaturated with both gases. The concentration of N(2)O, produced mainly by nitrifier-denitrification as indicated by isotopomer ratios, was highest in the oxic tank (ca. 4000% saturation). The dissolved CH(4) concentration was highest in in-flow water (ca. 3000% saturation). It decreased gradually during treatment. Its carbon isotope ratio indicated that the decrease resulted from bacterial CH(4) oxidation and that microbial CH(4) production can occur in anaerobic and settling tanks.

Traditionally, Asians have been thought to age more gracefully than Caucasians. The resistance to aging in the Asian patient was credited to the thicker dermis of Asian skin that contains greater collagen and the darker pigment that protects against photoaging. Although these statements are true, the authors propose a new paradigm that explains how the illusion of Asian youthfulness may be understood. The "baby model" purports that the Asian face has many attributes similar to an infant, including a wider and rounder face, higher eyebrow, fuller upper lid, lower nasal bridge, flatter midface, apparently more protuberant lips, and more receded chin. These commonalities between the infant and the Asian compel the viewer to perceive the Asian face as more youthful. However, the Asian face is subjected to a greater amount of gravitational force due to weaker skeletal support, heavier soft tissue, larger amount of malar fat, thicker skin, and a weaker chin. Facial rejuvenative surgery should always be cognizant of the propensity of the Asian skin to unfavorable healing, need for greater tissue suspension, and more conspicuous temporal alopecia. Asian aesthetics that differ and converge with Western ideals are reviewed so that the Western surgeon in particular can comprehend the Asian conception of youthful beauty.

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Crystallization and melting of helium-4 was experimentally observed to be induced by acoustic radiation pressure where the liquid-solid interface is highly mobile at low temperatures. We discuss the observed anomalous reversal of this effect as a function of temperature and the nucleation by acoustic wave pulses of crystals in the liquid phase or liquid bubbles in the solid phase. A high-speed camera was used for the in situ observation of large interface velocities as high as 1 m/sec.

Summary A new numerical scheme, termed the seamless‐domain method (SDM), is applied in a multiscale technique. The SDM requires only points and does not require a stiffness equation, mesh, grid, cell, or element. The SDM consists of two steps. The first step is a microscopic analysis of the local (small) simulation domain to obtain interpolation functions for discretizing governing equations. This allows an SDM solution to represent a heterogeneous material with microscopic constituents without homogenization. The second step is a macroscopic analysis of a seamless global (entire) domain that has no mesh and only coarse‐grained points. The special functions obtained in the first step are used in interpolating the continuous dependent‐variable distribution in the seamless global domain whose gradient is also continuous everywhere. The SDM would give a quite accurate solution for domains with strong boundary effects, anisotropic and heterogeneous materials, and isotropic homogeneous fields. Numerical examples of steady‐state heat conduction fields are presented. For heterogeneous material, the SDM using only 117 points provided solutions as accurate as those of the traditional finite element method using 21,665 nodes. Analysis of an isotropic material verified the cost effectiveness of the SDM as in the analysis of heterogeneous material. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.