Articles you may be interested inHigh-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction: A combined scanning electron microscope and focused ionbeam approach Very high-resolution focused ion beam nanolithography improvement: A new three-dimensional patterning capability J.

Objective We examined the benefits of a community‐based program combining physical exercise, cognitive training, and education on dementia and lifestyle habits. Methods This crossover open‐label trial included 141 community‐dwelling elderly people with suspected mild cognitive decline (MCD). Subjects were assigned to a 6‐month intervention‐first/6‐month observation‐second (INT‐OBS) group or an OBS‐INT group. The 6‐month intervention consisted of 2 h of physical exercise, cognitive training, and classroom study or rest once weekly. Primary outcome was change in Touch Panel‐type Dementia Assessment Scale (TDAS) score. Results TDAS score improved significantly during the intervention period compared with the observation period for all subjects (P < 0.05). Some physical functions also improved significantly during the intervention period compared with the observation period in the OBS‐INT group (P < 0.05). Interpretation This community‐based program improved both cognitive and physical function in elderly people with suspected MCD.

When manufacturing prototype devices or low volume custom logic LSIs, the products are being less profitable because of the skyrocketing mask and design costs recent technology node. For 65nm technology node and beyond, the reduction of mask cost becomes critical issue for logic devices especially. We attempt to apply EBDW mainly to critical interconnect layers to reduce the mask expenditure for the reason of technical output reusability.For 65nm node production, new 300mm EB direct writer had been installed. The process technologies have also been developing to meet sufficient qualities and productivities.

Articles you may be interested inHigh-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction: A combined scanning electron microscope and focused ionbeam approach Very high-resolution focused ion beam nanolithography improvement: A new three-dimensional patterning capability J.The resolution and alignment accuracy of FIB lithography is studied for making devices with 0.1 pm dimensions. O.l-pm linewidth patterns are successfully fabricated by 260-ke V Be + + FIB for both positive and negative resists. 50-nm linewidth Novolak based negative resist patterns are fabricated at l.OX 10 12 ions/cm 2 dose by 260-keV Be+ + FIB. Dot patterns with 0.3 pm diam and high density (10 8 /cm 2 ) are written on a 1 X 1 cm area in a PMMA resist to demonstrate that FIB lithography can be applied to make practical devices with a large writing area. Moreover, mark detection and overlay accuracy are studied for marks covered with PMMA and CMS resists. Finally, FIB lithography is applied to fabricate O.l-Jtm NMOS gate patterns. The overlay accuracy for hybrid exposure using FIB and an optical stepper is 0.2 Jtm at 20'.

Identification of the sex of birds is important for captive breeding of endangered species. In the oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana), an endangered species, both sexes produce an acoustic signal called "clatter" by rattling their mandibles together to generate sounds. We examined the structure of male and female clatter to determine whether clatter is sexually dimorphic. The acoustic structure of the clatter of the two sexes proved to be dimorphic with respect to the fundamental frequency; female clatter had higher fundamental frequencies. The fundamental frequency correlated significantly and positively with bill length, suggesting that bill morphology contributes to the sexual dimorphism of clatter. Sexing can be done by acoustic signals without capturing birds, and thus is useful as a non-invasive sexing method for ecological and conservation studies of birds.