This study had the aim of explaining the mechanisms of autonomous spatial recomposition of shophouses in Phnom Penh (Cambodia), along with understanding the current status of spatial recomposition of these dwellings based on a field survey. Four detailed case studies were chosen for analysis and it was discovered that three points can be raised as causes for spatial recomposition: (1) securing living space, (2) securing independence and (3) changes in access method and four locations can be raised as spacial recomposition locations: (a) dwelling unit interior, (b) residential block interior, (c) city block space and (d) space between residential blocks. In addition, the results of analysis of 60 buildings and 74 dwellings showed 289 spatial recomposition locations. In particular, it is characteristic that there are a high number of extensions to residential block interiors and many instances of privatization of corridors, addition of kitchens/bathrooms, interiorization of terraces and construction of small rooms on roofs can be seen. By organizing the spatial recomposition methods, it was discovered that eight ways exist: (1) stacked layer, (2) installation of interior floors, (3) addition of kitchens/bathrooms, (4) appropriation of space outside the dwelling, (5) fencing in space, (6) closing of stairways, (7) installation of stairways, and (8) removal of walls.
This study aims to clarify habitation characteristics of "shophouse blocks" in Phnom Penh by utilizing database obtained from large scale interview surveys focusing on proximity of home and workplace and diversity of households. There are three major findings from the analyses: 1) three different living spheres formulated in shophouse blocks in horizontal and vertical direction; b) diversity of household types characterized by even distribution of household types and hierarchy of household income in vertical direction; and 3) flexibility of shophouse blocks to fit into variety of residents' living needs and life stage which contribute to maintain sustainability of shophouse blocks.
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