Common infrastructures and platforms are required for international collaborations in large-scale human genomic research and policy development, such as the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health and the ‘ELSI 2.0’ initiative. Such initiatives may require international harmonization of ethical and regulatory requirements. To enable this, however, a greater understanding of issues and practices that relate to the ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) of genomic research will be needed for the different countries and global regions involved in such research. Here, we review the ELSI practices and regulations for genomic research in six East Asian countries (China, Indonesia, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan), highlighting the main similarities and differences between these countries, and more generally, in relation to Western countries. While there are significant differences in ELSI practices among these East Asian countries, there is a consistent emphasis on advancing genomic science and technology. In addition, considerable emphasis is placed on informed consent for participation in research, whether through the contribution of tissue samples or personal information. However, a higher level of engagement with interested stakeholders and the public will be needed in some countries.
Masalah gizi yang paling umum dialami oleh ibu hamil adalah Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK). Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan (PMT-P) diadakan untuk mengatasi masalah KEK, faktanya belum memberikan hasil sesuai harapan. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan asupan energi dan protein setelah program PMT-P terhadap keberhasilan perbaikan status gizi ibu hamil. Rancangan penelitian adalah mixed method dengan strategi triangulasi konkuren. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian kuantitatif adalah consecutive sampling, dengan responden 47 ibu hamil KEK. Partisipan penelitian kualitatif diambil secara purposive sampling. Analisis data kuantitatif diolah dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PMT-P pada ibu hamil KEK hanya mampu memperbaiki status gizi menjadi normal sebesar 13%. Asupan energi dan protein ibu hamil KEK setelah program PMT-P mampu mengubah status gizi menjadi normal sebesar 20%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan energi dan protein setelah program PMT-P terhadap status gizi ibu hamil KEK dan normal (p>0,05). Penyebab ibu hamil KEK tidak mengalami perubahan status gizi setelah program PMT-P adalah pola makan, konsumsi makanan, status ekonomi, status kesehatan dan faktor internal yang meliputi pekerjaan dan pengetahuan.Simpulan penelitian ini adalah program PMT-P belum memberikan hasil sesuai harapan, ditandai dengan sedikitnya jumlah ibu hamil KEK yang mengalami perubahan status gizi menjadi normal. Terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi perbaikan status gizi ibu hamil KEK seperti pola makan, konsumsi makanan, status ekonomi, status kesehatan dan faktor internal yang meliputi pekerjaan dan pengetahuan. Hal yang dilakukan adalah dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi seimbang ibu hamil melalui penyuluhan.
Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality and the fourth most common cancer globally. Gastric premalignant lesions are well known risk factors for the development of gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of gastric premalignant lesion. This cross-sectional study observed gastritis patients at
Background: Community health problems should be solved comprehensively dan collaboratively by involving several health professionals. Combination of Community-based education (CBE) with Interprofessional education (IPE) might contribute in the management of community health problems and give experiences of health team collaboration for health professions students.Method: This was a preeliminary study to develop and to validate Model CBE-IPE. Research was done in the Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang involving 3 study programs i.e. Medicine, Nursing, and Nutrition. Research method was qualitative study by using document analyses to develop draft model followed by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to validate the model. Results: Based on comparability of the curriculum and acquired competencies, the model can only be sufficient if implemented for students in 6th semester. The model has been agreed to be implemented with several input and suggestions. Small group of students should work together to assess health problems in 1-2 family, to implement intervention, to monitor and evaluate their intervention, and to report their work. Assessment including activity, peer assessment, family evaluation, ability of presentation and discussion, and report writing. Perceptions of students, instructurs, and community member will be asked after implementation to evaluate the program. Conclusion: Model of CBE-IPE suggested to be implemented for students who have sufficient competencies to be applicated in the community. Review and further validation of this model is still needed after implementation.
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